Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-t5tsf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-09T22:50:57.106Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

On the Mechanism of Complement Fixation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

H. R. Dean
H. R. Dean
Affiliation:
(From the Bacteriological Laboratory of the Lister Institute.)
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

(1) If a series of dilutions of an antiserum are prepared, a dilution can be selected which when mixed with an appropriate quantity of the homologous antigen forms no precipitate but nevertheless binds complement. If complement is added to such a mixture of antigen and antiserum a precipitate appears after an interval of six to twenty-four hours.

(2) By using an appropriate mixture of antigen and antiserum the amount of the precipitate can be increased, within certain limits, by increasing the amount of guinea-pig serum (complement) present in the mixture.

(3) Similar results can be obtained if an euglobulin solution prepared from guinea-pig serum is substituted for the normal guinea-pig serum.

(4) A suitable mixture of antigen and antiserum precipitates the euglobulin of guinea-pig serum in a manner which may be compared with the precipitation of euglobulin by carbon dioxide.

(5) By keeping a, precipitating mixture of antigen, antiserum and complement at a temperature of 0° C. it is possible to demonstrate that the resulting precipitate contains the mid-piece fraction of the complement in an active state.

The mid-piece fraction is not used up when it is bound by a mixture of serum with its homologous antiserum.

(6) The precipitate which results from the interaction of antigen and antiserum fixes both fractions of the complement. The mid-piece is fixed much more readily than the end-piece but it is possible to demonstrate a stage when a considerable quantity of end-piece has been bound while a small quantity of mid-piece still remains free.

(7) The results obtained in these experiments show that the fixation of the fractions of the complement by a mixture of antigen and antiserum is essentially similar to the fixation produced by suspensions of barium sulphate and similar complement fixing substances. These experiments confirm the recent work of Gengou on this subject.

(8) The particles of a precipitate probably adsorb the euglobulin of the guinea-pig serum and this adsorption of euglobulin is an essential part of the mechanism of complement fixation.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Hygiene , Volume 12 , Issue 3 , October 1912 , pp. 259 - 289
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1912

References

REFERENCES

Amako, T. (1910). Experimentelle Beiträge zum Mechanismus der Komplement-wirkung. Zeitschr. f. Immunitatsforsch. VIII. 168.Google Scholar
Barikine, W. (1910). Contribution à l' Etude sur la Conglutination du Précipté spécifique. Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. Abt. I. LVI. 150.Google Scholar
Bordet, J. and Gay, F. P. (1906). Sur les Relations des Sensibilisatrices avec l'alexine. Ann. Inst. Pasteur, XX. 467.Google Scholar
Bordet, J. and Streng, O. (1909). Les Phénomènes d'adsorption et la Con-glutinine du Sérum de Bæuf. Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. Abt. I. XLIX. 260.Google Scholar
Brand, E. (1907). Ueber das Verhalten der Kornplemente bei der Dialyse. Berlin. klin. Wochenschr. XLIV. 1075.Google Scholar
Chapman, H. G. (1910). On the weight of Precipitate obtainable in Precipitin Interactions. Proc. Roy. Soc. Series B, LXXXII. 398.Google Scholar
Dean, H. R. (1911). Studies in Complement Fixation with Strains of Typhoid, Paratyphoid and allied Organisms. Proc. Soy. Soc. Med. IV. (Pathological Section) p. 251.Google Scholar
Dean, H. R. (1911). The Relation between the Fixation of Complement and the Formation of a Precipitate. Proc. Roy. Soc. Med. V. (Pathological Section) p. 62.Google Scholar
Dean, H. R. (1911). On the Factors concerned in Agglutination. Proc. Roy. Soc. Series B, LXXXI. 416.Google Scholar
Ferrata, A. (1907). Die Unwirksamkeit der komplexen Hamolysine in salzfreien Lösungen und ibre Ursache. Berlin. klin. Wochenschr. XLIV. 366.Google Scholar
Gay, F. P. (1905). La déviation de Palexine dans Phémolyse. Ann. Inst. Pasteur, XIX. 593.Google Scholar
Gay, F. P. (1905). The Fixation of Alexines by Specific serum precipitates. Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. Abt. I. Orig. XXXIX. 603.Google Scholar
Gengou, O. (1911). Note sur les Relations de l'alexine avec les microbes sensibilisés. Zeitschr. f. Immunitütsforsch. II. 143.Google Scholar
Henderson-Smith, J. (1910). On the Structure of Complement in Relation to Deviation. Brit. Med. Journ. II. 1433.Google Scholar
Ledingham, J. C. G. and Dean, H. R. (1912). The Action of the Complement-Fractions on a Tropin B. typhosus System. Journ. of Hygiene, XII. 152.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liefmann, H. (1909). Ueber den Mechanismus der Seroreaktion der Lues. München. med. Wochenschr. LVI. 2097.Google Scholar
Meier, G. (1909). Die Komplementbindung mit besonderer Berücksichtigung ihrer praktischen Anwendung. Jahresber. ü. Ergebnisse der Immunitütsforsehung, Stuttgart, IV. 58.Google Scholar
Moreschi, C. (1906). Zur Lehre von den Antikomplementen. Berlin. klin. Wochenschr. XLIII. 100.Google Scholar
Muir, R. and Browning, C. H. (1906). On the Action of Complement as Agglutinin. Journ. of Hygiene, VI. 20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muir, R. and Martin, W. B. M. (1906). On the Deviation of Complement by a Serum and its Antiserum, and its relation to the Precipitin test. Journ. of Hygiene, VI. 265.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neisser, M. and Sachs, H. (1905). Ein Verfahren zum forensischen Nachweiss der Herkunft des Blutes (Ablenkung hämolytischer Komplemente). Berlin. klin. Wochenschr. XLII. 1388.Google Scholar
Neisser, M. and Sachs, H. (1906). Die forensische Blutdifferenzierung durch antihämolytische Wirkung. Berlin. klin. Wochenschr. XLIII. 67.Google Scholar
Pfeiffer, F. and Moreschi, C. (1906). Ueber scheinbare Antikomplementäre-und Antiambozeptorenwirkungen präcipitierenden Sera in Tierkörper. Berlin. klin. Wochenschr. XLIII. 45.Google Scholar
Sachs, H. and Altmann, K. (1909). “Komplementbindung.” Handbuch der Pathogenen Mikroorganismen (Kolle und Wassermann), Ergänzungsb. II. p. 476.Google Scholar
Sachs, H. and Altmann, K. (1909). “ Hamolysine und Cytotoxine des Blutserums.” Handb. d. Technik u. Methodik d. Immunitätsforschung (Kraus und Levaditi), II. 969.Google Scholar
Sachs, H. and Bolkowska, G. (1910). Beiträge zur Kenntnis der komplexen Konstitution der Komplemente. Zeitschr. f. Immunitätsforsch. VII. 778.Google Scholar
Skwirsky, P. (1910). Ueber den Mechanismus der Komplementbindungen. Zeitschr. f. Immunitätsforsch. V. 538.Google Scholar
Streng, O. (1909). Studien über das Verhalten des Rinderserums gegenüber den Mikroben. Centrlbl. f. Bakteriol. Abt. I. L. 47.Google Scholar
Wassermann, A. and Bruck, C. (1905). Ist die Komplementbindung beim Entstehen spezifischer Niederschläge eine mit der Präzipitierung zusammen-hängende Erscheinung oder Ambozeptorenwirkung ? Med. Klinik, I. 1409.Google Scholar
Welsh, D. A. and Chapman, H. G. (1906). On the Main Source of Precipitable Substance, and on the Rôle of the Homologous Proteid in Precipitin Reactions. Proc. Roy. Soc. Series B, LXXVII. 297.Google Scholar
Welsh, D. A. and Chapman, H. G. (1908). On the Weight of Precipitum in Precipitin Interactions, with Small Weights of Homologous Protein. Proc. Roy. Soc. Series B, LXXX. 161.Google Scholar
Welsh, D. A. and Chapman, H. G. (1911). Beitrag zur Erklärung der Präzipitin-reaktion. Zeitschr. f. Immunitätsforsch. IX. 517.Google Scholar