Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-03T05:29:45.168Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The influence of local antichlamydial antibody on the acquisition and persistence of human ocular chlamydial infection: IgG antibodies are not protective

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

R. L. Bailey ,
M. Kajbaf ,
H. C. Whittle ,
M. E. Ward  and
D. C. W. Mabey
R. L. Bailey
Affiliation:
1Department of Clinical Sciences, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT
M. Kajbaf
Affiliation:
2University Department of Microbiology, General Hospital, Southampton
H. C. Whittle
Affiliation:
3Medical Research Council Laboratories, The Gambia
M. E. Ward
Affiliation:
2University Department of Microbiology, General Hospital, Southampton
D. C. W. Mabey*
Affiliation:
1Department of Clinical Sciences, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT
*
*Dr D. Mabey, Department of Clinical Sciences, LSHTM.
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

In order to study the effect of antichlamydial antibodies in ocular secretions on resistance to ocular chlamydial infection and clearance of this infection, we have performed linked longitudinal studies in a Gambian village in which trachoma is endemic. We have measured IgG and IgA antibody levels to a local serotype B isolate of Chlamydia trachomatis by amplified enzyme immunoassay, and chlamydial antigen levels in conjunctival swabs using a commercially available immunoassay which detects chlamydial glycolipid. Having previously demonstrated that sharing a bedroom with a case of active trachoma is a risk factor for acquisition of the disease, we have analysed the effect of IgG and IgA antibody on the acquisition and persistance of clinical trachoma after controlling for age, sex, exposure to infection and for the presence of chlamydial antigen using a Poisson regression model. We have found that the presence of antichlamydial IgG in ocular secretions of disease-free subjects is associated with an increased incidence of trachoma. IgA antibody shows an opposite trend, but this is not statistically significant. One possible explanation of these findings is that antichlamydial IgG antibodies enhance the infectivity of C. trachomatis for the human eye; this could have major implications for the development of a chlamydial vaccine.

Type
Research Article
Information
Epidemiology & Infection , Volume 111 , Issue 2 , October 1993 , pp. 315 - 324
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1993

References

REFERENCES

1.Dawson, CR, Jones, BR, Tarizzo, ML. A guide to trachoma control. Geneva: World Health Organisation, 1981.Google Scholar
2.Treharne, JD. The community epidemiology of trachoma. Rev Infect Dis 1985; 7: 760–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3.Mabey, DCW, Robertson, JN, Ward, ME. Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis by enzyme immunoassay in patients with trachoma. Lancet 1987; ii: 1491–2.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4.Wang, S-P, Grayston, JT, Alexander, ER. Trachoma vaccine studies in monkeys. Am J Ophthalmol 1967; 63: 1615–30.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5.Murray, ES, Charbonnet, LT, MacDonald, AB. Immunity to chlamydial infections of the eye. I. The role of circulatory and secretory antibodies in resistance to reinfection with guinea pig conjunctivitis. J Immunol 1973; 110: 1518–25.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6.Orenstein, NS, Mull, JD, Thompson, SE. Immunity to chlamydial infections of the eye. V. Passive transfer of antitrachoma antibodies to owl monkeys. Infect Immun 1973; 7: 600–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7.Bernkopf, H, Orfila, J, Maythar, B. Fluorescent antibodies in the fluid of the conjunctival sac of trachoma patients. Nature 1966; 209: 725–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8.Nichols, RL, Oertley, RE, Fraser, CEO, MacDonald, AB, McComb, DE. Immunity to chlamydial infections of the eye. VI. Homologous neutralisation of trachoma infectivity for the owl monkey conjunctivae by eye secretions from humans with trachoma. J Infect Dis 1973; 127: 429–32.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9.Barenfanger, J, MacDonald, AB. The role of immunoglobulin in the neutralisation of trachoma infectivity. J Immunol 1974; 113: 1607–17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10.McComb, DE, Nichols, RL. Antibody type specificity to trachoma in eye secretions of Saudi Arab children. Infect Immun 1970; 2: 65–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11.Collier, LH, Sowa, J, Sowa, S. The serum and conjunctival antibody response to trachoma in Gambian children. J Hyg 1972; 70: 727–40.Google ScholarPubMed
12.Treharne, JD, Dwyer, RStC, Darougar, S, Jones, BR, Daghfous, T. Antichlamydial antibody in tears and sera, and serotypes of Chlamydia trachomatis isolated from schoolchildren in southern Tunisia. Br J Ophthalmol 1978; 62: 509–15.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13.Thompson, B. Marriage, childbirth and early childhood in a Gambian village: a sociomedical study. PhD thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1965.Google Scholar
14.McGregor, IA. Health and communicable disease in a rural African environment. Oikos 1976; 27: 180–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15.Ward, ME, Bailey, R, Lesley, A, Kajbaf, M, Robertson, J, Mabey, D. Persisting inapparent chlamydial infection in a trachoma endemic community in The Gambia. Scand J Infect Dis 1990; Suppl 69: 137–48.Google Scholar
16.Hathaway, A, Peters, JH. Characterisation of antibodies to trachoma in human eye secretions. In: Nichols, RL, ed. Trachoma and related disorders. Amsterdam: Excerpta Medica; 1971: 260–8.Google Scholar
17.Brunham, RC, Kuo, C-C, Cles, L, Holmes, KK. Correlation of host immune response with quantitative recovery of Chlamydia trachomatis from the human endocervix. Infect Immun 1983; 39: 1491–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
18.Mabey, DCW, Bailey, RL, Ward, ME, Whittle, HC. A longitudinal study of trachoma in a Gambian village. Implications concerning the pathogenesis of chlamydial infection. Epidemiol Infect 1992; 108: 343–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19.Mabey, DCW, Forsey, T, Treharne, JD. Serotypes of Chlamydia trachomatis in The Gambia. Lancet 1987; ii: 452.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20.Hayes, LJ, Bailey, RL, Mabey, DCW, et al. Genotyping of Chlamydia trachomatis from a trachoma-endemic village in The Gambia by a nested polymerase chain reaction: identification of strain variants. J Infect Dis 1992; 166: 1173–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21.Woolridge, RL, Grayston, JT, Chang, IH, Cheng, KH, Yang, CY, Neave, C. Field trial of a monovalent and of a bivalent mineral oil adjuvant trachoma vaccine in Taiwan school children. Am J Ophthalmol 1967; 63: 1645–50.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22.Griffiss, JM, Bertram, MA. Immunoepidemiology of meningococcal disease in military recruits. II. Blocking of serum bactericidal activity by circulating IgA early in the course of disease. J Infect Dis 1977; 136: 733–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23.Kliks, SC, Nisalak, A, Brandt, WE, Wahl, L, Burke, DS. Antibody dependent enhancement of dengue virus growth in human monocytes as a risk factor for dengue haemorrhagic fever. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1989; 40: 444–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24.Su, H, Spangrude, GJ, Caldwell, HD. Expression of FegammaIIl on HeLa 229 cells: possible effect on in vitro neutralisation of Chlamydia trachomatis. Infect Immun 1991; 59: 3811–14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
25.Peterson, EM, Cheng, X, Pal, S, De la Maza, LM. Effects of antibody isotype and host cell type on in vitro neutralisation of Chlamydia trachomatis. Infect Immun 1993; 61: 498–503.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
26.Mabey, DCW, Bailey, RL, Dunn, D, Jones, D, Williams, JHD, Whittle, HC, Ward, ME. Expression of MHC class II antigens by conjunctival epithelial cells in trachoma: implications concerning the pathogenesis of blinding disease. J Clin Pathol 1991; 44: 285–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
27.Mabey, DCW, Bailey, RL, Hutin, YJF. The epidemiology and pathogenesis of trachoma. Rev Med Micro 1992; 3: 112–19.Google Scholar