Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-lj6df Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-08T06:29:48.351Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Future of the Sahara*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 August 2009

John L. Cloudsley-Thompson
Affiliation:
Emeritus Professor of Zoology, University of London; Department of Biology (Medawar Building), University College London, Gower Street, London WCIE 6BT, England, UK.

Extract

Long-term climatic variations over the past 400,000 years, disclose a cyclical alternation of cold or glacial phases. At the present time, the world is experiencing one of its warmer climatic periods. Nevertheless, summer insolation has decreased sharply during the last 9,000 years and, apart from human influences, a gradual reduction in temperature might well be expected to occur during the next 50,000 years. On the other hand, if the human-induced ‘greenhouse effect’ manifests itself as is sometimes forecast, climatic changes will take place much faster, and temperatures could reach higher levels than in any of the post-Pleistocene interglacial phases. The future of the Sahara depends to a considerable extent upon which of these trends actually manifests itself.

Type
Main Papers
Copyright
Copyright © Foundation for Environmental Conservation 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abderrahman, W.A., Bader, T.A., Khan, A.V. & Ajward, M.H. (1991). Weather modification impact on reference evapo-transpiration, soil salinity and desertification in arid regions: a case study. Journal of Arid Environments, 20, pp. 277–86, 4 figs.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barker, E.M. van Zinderen (1963). Palaeobotanical studies. South African Journal of Science, 59, pp. 332–40, illustr.Google Scholar
Bryson, R.A. & Barreis, D.A. (1967). Possibility of major climatic modifications and their implications: northwest India, a case for study. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 48, pp. 136–42, 3 figs.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Charney, J.G. (1975). Dynamics of deserts and drought in the Sahel. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 101, pp. 193202,7 figs.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Charney, J.G., Quirk, W.J., Chow, S.H. & Kornfield, J. (1977). A comparative study of the effects of albedo change on drought in the semi-arid regions. Journal of Atmospheric Science, 34, pp. 1366–85, illustr.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cloudsley-Thompson, J.L. (1967). Animal Twilight: Man and Game in Eastern Africa. Foulis, London, England, UK: x + 204 pp., 16 pls, 5 figs.Google Scholar
Cloudsley-Thompson, J.L. (1969). The Zoology of Tropical Africa. Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London, England, UK: xv + 335 pp., 16 pis, 32 figs.Google Scholar
Cloudsley-Thompson, J.L. (1971). Recent expansion of the Sahara. International Journal of Environmental Studies, 2, pp. 35–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cloudsley-Thompson, J.L. (1974). The expanding Sahara. Environmental Conservation, 1(1), pp. 513, 7 figs.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cloudsley-Thompson, J.L. (1977). Man and the Biology of Arid Zones. Edward Arnold, London, England, UK: vi + 182 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Cloudsley-Thompson, J.L. (1978). Human activities and desert expansion. Geographical Journal, 144(3), pp. 316–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goudie, A.S. (1990). Desert degradation. Pp. 133 in Techniques for Desert Reclamation (Ed. Goudie, A.S.) (Environmental Monographs & Symposia, Gen. Ed. N. Polunin.) John Wiley, Chichester, England, UK: xiii + 271 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Grainger, A. (1990). The Threatening Desert: Controlling Desertification. Earthscan Publications, London, England, UK: 369 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Hare, F.K. (1977). Connections between climate and desertification. Environmental Conservation, 4(2), pp. 8190, 5 figs.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Houérou, H.N. Le (1992). Outline of the biological history of the Sahara. Journal of Arid Environments, 22, pp. 330, 4 figs.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Idso, S.B. (1982). Carbon Dioxide: Friend or Foe? IBR Press, Tempe, Arizona, USA: 92 pp.Google Scholar
Kendall, R.L. (1969). An ecological study of the Lake Victoria basin. Ecological Monographs, 39, pp. 121–76, 18 figs.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Le, Houérou, see Houréou.Google Scholar
Mitchell, J.F.B. (1983). The seasonal response of a general circulation model to changes in CO2 and sea temperatures. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 109, pp. 113–52, 24 figs.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nicholson, S.E. (1978). Climatic variations in the Sahel and other African regions during the past five centuries. Journal of Arid Environments, 1, pp. 324, 17 figs.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Petit-Maire, N. (1990). Will greenhouse green the Sahara? Episodes, 13(2), pp. 103–7, illustr.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roberts, N. (1989). The Holocene. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, England, UK: x + 227 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Scullard, H.H. (1974). The Elephant in the Greek and Roman World. Thames & Hudson, London, England, UK: 288 pp., 24 pls, 24 text-figs.Google Scholar
Shinnie, P.L. (1967). Meroe: A Civilization of the Sudan. Thames & Hudson, London, England, UK: 229 pp., 84 pls, 63 text-figs.Google Scholar
Talbot, M.R. (1980). Environmental responses to climatic change in the West African Sahel over the past 20,000 years. Pp. 3762 in The Sahara and the Nile: Quaternary Environments and Prehistoric Occupation in Northern Africa (Eds Williams, M.J. & Faure, H.). A.A. Balkerna, Rotterdam, Netherlands: 607 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
van Zinderen, Bakker E.M. see Barker E.M. van Zinderen.Google Scholar
Walker, J. & Rowntree, P.R. (1977). The effect of soil moisture on circulation and rainfall in a tropical model. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 103, pp. 2946, 13 figs.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warren, A. (1970). Dune trends and their implications in the central Sudan. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie, Suppl. 10, pp. 154–86, 9 figs.Google Scholar
Wickens, G.E. (1975). Changes in the climate and vegetation of the Sudan since 20,000 BP. Boissiera, 24, pp. 4365, illustr.Google Scholar
Wickens, G.E. (1984). Flora. Pp. 6775 in Sahara Desert (Ed. Cloudsley-Thompson, J.L.). Pergamon Press, Oxford, England, UK: 348 pp., illustr.Google Scholar