Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-02T22:54:03.176Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Deforestation and Shrinking Crop Gene-pools in Amazonia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 August 2009

Nigel J.H. Smith  and
Richard Evans Schultes
Nigel J.H. Smith
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
Richard Evans Schultes
Affiliation:
Jeffrey Professor of Biology and Director (Emeritus), Botanical Museum of Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Deforestation in Amazonia is eliminating wild genepools of many crop-plants. Wild or spontaneous populations of at least 50 perennial crops are at risk, including the Rubber tree and Cacao, as well as several crops emerging from relative obscurity, such as Peach-palm (which is now being planted extensively for palmito production), Annatto (which produces a natural red dye), and Brazil-nut.

Type
Main Papers
Information
Environmental Conservation , Volume 17 , Issue 3 , Autumn 1990 , pp. 227 - 234
Copyright
Copyright © Foundation for Environmental Conservation 1990

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allen, J.B. (1987). London Cocoa Trade Amazon Project: Final Report Phase 2. Cocoa Growers'Bulletin, 39, pp. 1–94.Google Scholar
Allen, J.B. & Lass, R.A. (1983). London Cocoa Trade Amazon Project: Final Report Phase 1. Cocoa Growers'Bulletin, 34, pp. 1–71.Google Scholar
Aublet, F. (1775). Histoire des Plantes de la Guayane Française. Pierre-François Didot, Paris, France: [not available for checking].Google Scholar
Balée, W. (1986). Análise preliminar de inventário florestal e a etnobotânica Ka'apor (Maranhão). Boletim do Museu Paraense Emilia Goeldi, Botanica, 2(2), pp. 141–67.Google Scholar
Balée, W. (1987). A etnobotânica quantitativa dos índios Tembé (Rio Gurupi, Pará). Boletim do Museu Paraense Emilia Goeldi, Botanica, 3(1), pp. 29–50.Google Scholar
Balick, M.J. (1979). Amazonian oil palms of promise: a survey. Economic Botany, 33(1), pp. 11–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Caufield, C. (1984). In the Rainforest. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, USA: ix + 304 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Cavalcante, P.B. (1988). Frutas Comestíveis da Amazônia. Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Belém, Pará, Brazil: 279 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Clement, C.R. (1988). Domestication of the Pejibaye Palm (Bactris gasipaes): past and present. Advances in Economic Botany, 6, pp. 155–74.Google Scholar
Croat, T.B. (1978). Flora of Barro Colorado Island. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California, USA: viii + 943 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Dillehay, T.D. & Collins, M.B. (1988). Early cultural evidence from Monte Verde in Chile. Nature (London), 332, pp. 150–2.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ducke, A. (1946). Plantas de Cultura Precolombiana na Amazônia brasileira: Notas sobre as Especies ou Formas Espontaneas que Supostamente Ihes teriam dado Origem. Boletim Técnico 8, Institute Agronomico do Norte, Belém, Pará, Brazil: [not available for checking].Google Scholar
Entwistle, P.P. (1985). Insects and cocoa. Pp. 368–443 in Cocoa (Eds Wood, G.A.R. & Lass, R.A.), Longman/J. Wiley, New York, NY, USA: xvii + 620 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Hall, A. (1987). Agrarian crisis in Brazilian Amazonia: The Grande Carajas programme. Journal of Development Studies, 23, pp. 522–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hemming, J. (1987). Amazon Frontier: The Defeat of the Brazilian Indians. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: xi + 647 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Johannessen, C.L. (1966). Pejibayes in commercial production. Turrialba, 16(2), pp. 181–7.Google Scholar
Laker, H.A. & Sreenivasan, T.N. (1987). The resistance of some cocoa clones to Crinipellis perniciosa in Trinidad. Pp. 637–41 in Proceedings of the 10th International Cocoa Research Conference, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, 17–23 05:[not available for checking].Google Scholar
Lleras, E. & Coradin, L. (1988). Native Neotropical oil palms: State of the art and perspectives for Latin America. Pp. 201–13 in The Palm—Tree of Life: Biology, Utilization, and Conservation (Ed. Balick, M.J.). Advances in Economic Botany, Vol. 6, New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York, NY, USA: 282 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Mahar, D. (1989). Government Policies and Deforestation in Brazil's Amazon Region. World Bank, Washington, DC, USA: iv + 56 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Mendes, A.C., Ribeiro, N.C.A., Garcia, J.J.S. & Trevizan, O. (1987). Danos de Conotrachelus? humeropictus, 1940 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): nova praga do cacauciro na Amazonia brasileira. Pp. 535–9 in Proceedings of the 10th International Cocoa Research Conference, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, 17–23 05: [not available for checking].Google Scholar
Morton, J. (1987). Fruits of Warm Climates. Creative Resource Systems, Winterville, North Carolina, USA: xii + 505 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Myers, J.G. (1930). Notes on wild Cacao in Surinam and in British Guiana. Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew), No 1, pp. 1–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nery, F.J. Santa-Anna (1885). Le Pays des Amazones, l'Eldorado, Les Terres à Caoutchouc. L. Frinzine, Paris, France: [not available for checking].Google Scholar
Neumann, R.R. & Machlis, G.E. (1989). Land-use and threats to parks in the neotropics. Environmental Conservation, 16(6), pp. 13–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pesce, C. (1985). Oil Palms and Other Oilseeds of the Amazon (translated and edited by Johnson, D.V.). Reference Publications, Algonac, Michigan, USA: 199 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Posey, D. (1988). Kayapó Indian natural-resource management. Pp. 89–90 in People of the Tropical Rain Forest (Eds Denslow, J.S. & Padoch, C.). University of California Press, Berkeley, California, USA: 231 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Prance, G.T. (1984). Introduction on knowledge and use of the Amazon forest. Interciencia, 9, pp. 275–9.Google Scholar
Purseglove, J.D. (1974). Tropical Crops: Dicotyledons. J. Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, USA: xv + 719 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Schultes, R.E. (1977). Wild Hevea: An untapped source of germ plasm. Journal of the Rubber Research Institute of Sri Lanka, 54, pt. 1, no. 1, pp. 227–57.Google Scholar
Schultes, R.E. (1984). The tree that changed the world in one century. Arnoldia, 44(2), pp. 3–16Google Scholar
Schultes, R.E. (1987). Studies in the genus Hevea VIII. Notes on intraspecific variants of Hevea brasiliensis (Euphorbiaceae). Economic Botany, 41, pp. 125–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schultes, R.E. (1988). Where the Gods Reign: Plants and Peoples of the Colombian Amazon. Synergetic Press, Oracle, Arizona, USA: 306 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Schultes, R.E. & Raffauf, R.F. (1990). The Healing Forest: Medicinal and Toxic Plants of the Northwest Amazonia. Dioscorides Press, Portland, Oregon, USA: 484 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Smith, N.J.H. (1982). Rainforest Corridors: The Transamazon Colonization Scheme. University of California Press, Berkeley, California, USA: xviii + 248 pp., illustr.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, N.J.H., Williams, J.T., Plucknett, D.L., Greening, P., and Talbot, J. (in prep.). Tropical Forests and Crop Genetic Resources.Google Scholar
Standley, P.C. (1930). A second list of the trees of Honduras. Tropical Woods, 21, pp. 9–41.Google Scholar
Standley, P.C. & Calderon, S. (1927). Lista Preliminar de las Plantas de El Salvador. Typografía la Unión, San Salvador, El Salvador: [not available for checking].Google Scholar
Vickers, W.T. (1984). Useful Plants of the Siona and Secoya Indians of Eastern Ecuador. Fieldiana, Botany N.S., Vol. 5, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois, USA: [not available for checking].CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walsh, J. (1987). Bolivia swaps debt for conservation. Science, 237, pp. 596–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Williams, R.O. & Williams, R.O. jun., (1951). The Useful and Ornamental Plants in Trinidad and Tobago. Guardian Commercial Printery, Port of Spain, Trinidad: [not available for checking].Google Scholar