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A review of the environmental safety of the PAT protein

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 April 2012

Abstract

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Keywords

PATbarphosphinothricinglufosinateglufosinate ammoniumherbicide tolerantgenetically engineeredenvironmental risk assessment
Type
Review Article
Information
Environmental Biosafety Research , Volume 10 , Issue 4 , October 2011 , pp. 73 - 101
Copyright
© Center for Environmental Risk Assessment, ILSI Research Foundation

References

Références

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USDA APHIS (1995e). Petition for determination of nonregulated status for male sterile, glufosinate tolerant corn transformation event MS3. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs/95_22801p.pdf
USDA APHIS (1995f). Environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact : Petition 94-357-01 for determination of nonregulated status for glufosinate resistant corn transformation events T14 and T25. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs2/94_35701p_com.pdf
USDA APHIS (1996a). Petition for determination of nonregulated status for glufosinate resistant soybean transformation events (W62, W98, A2704-12, A2704-21 and A5547-35). United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs/96_06801p.pdf
USDA APHIS (1996b). Environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact : AgroEvo USA company petition 96-068-01p for determination of nonregulated status for transgenic glufosinate resistant soybean (GRS) lines W62, W98, A2704-12, A2704-21 and A5547-35. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs2/96_06801p_com.pdf
USDA APHIS (1996c). Environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact : Petition 95-195-01 for determination of nonregulated status for Bt11 corn. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs2/95_19501p_com.pdf
USDA APHIS (1996d). Petition for determination of nonregulated status : insect protected corn (Zea mays L.) with cryIA(c) gene from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (DBT418). United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs/96_29101p.pdf
USDA APHIS (1996e). Environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact : Petition 95-228-01 for determination of nonregulated status for MS3 corn. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs2/95_22801p_com.pdf
USDA APHIS (1997a). Petition for determination of nonregulated status : Glufosinate tolerant canola transformation event T45. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs/97_20501p.pdf
USDA APHIS (1997b). Petition for determination of nonregulated status for Radicchio rosso lines with male sterility. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs/97_14801p.pdf
USDA APHIS (1997c). Environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact : USDA/APHIS Petition 97-148-01p for determination of nonregulated status for Radiccio rosso lines designated as RM3-3, RM3-4, and RM3-6. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs2/97_14801p_com.pdf
USDA APHIS (1997d). Petition for determination of nonregulated status for male sterile corn lines 676, 678, and 680 with resistance to glufosinate. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs/97_34201p.pdf
USDA APHIS (1997e). Petition for determination of nonregulated status for Bt Cry9C insect resistant, glufosinate tolerant corn transformation event CBH-351. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs/97_26501p.pdf
USDA APHIS (1997f). Environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact : USDA/APHIS Petition 96-291-01p for determination of nonregulated status for insect-protected corn line DBT418. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs2/96_29101p_com.pdf
USDA APHIS (1998a). Environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact : AgrEvo USA Company Petition 97-205-01p for determination of nonregulated status for transgenic glufosinate tolerant canola transformation (event T45). United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs2/97_20501p_com.pdf
USDA APHIS (1998b). Petition for determination of nonregulated status : Glufosinate tolerant sugar beet, transformation event T120-7. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs/97_33601p.pdf
USDA APHIS (1998c). Environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact : AgrEvo USA Company Petition 97-336-01p for determination of nonregulated status for transgenic glufosinate tolerant sugar beet transformation event T120-7. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs2/97_33601p_com.pdf
USDA APHIS (1998d). Application for an extension of determination of nonregulated status for glufosinate resistant soybean transformation events (A5547-127). United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs/98_01401p.pdf
USDA APHIS (1998e). Environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact : Request for extension of determination of nonregulated status for glufosinate resistant soybean transformation events (A5547-127). United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs2/98_01401p_com.pdf
USDA APHIS (1998f). Application for an extension of determination of nonregulated status for glufosinate resistant soybean transformation events (GU262). United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs/98_23801p.pdf
USDA APHIS (1998g). Environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact : application for an extension of determination of nonregulated status for glufosinate resistant soybean transformation events (GU262). United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs2/98_23801p_com.pdf
USDA APHIS (1998h). Petition for determination of nonregulated status for LibertyLink rice transformation events LLRice06 and LLRice62. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs/98_32901p.pdf
USDA APHIS (1998i). Environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact : USDA/APHIS Petition 97-342-01p for determination of nonregulated status for genetically engineered corn lines 676, 678, and 680. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs2/97_34201p_com.pdf
USDA APHIS (1998j). Environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact : Petition 97-265-01p for determination of nonregulated status for Bt. Cry9C insect resistant, glufosinate tolerant corn transformation event CBH-351. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs2/97_26501p_com.pdf
USDA APHIS (1998k). Request for extension of a determination of nonregulated status for a hybrid seed production system in corn based on male sterility and glufosinate tolerance as a marker (95-228-01p) : event MS6. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http :// www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs/98_34901p.pdf
USDA APHIS (1998l). Petition for determination of nonregulated status for InVigor hybrid canola transformation events MS8/RF3. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs/98_27801p.pdf
USDA APHIS (1999a). Environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact : AgrEvo USA Petition 98-278-01p for determination of nonregulated status for canola transformation events MS8 and RF3 genetically engineered for pollination control and tolerance to glufosinate herbicide. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs2/98_27801p_com.pdf
USDA APHIS (1999b). Environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact : AgrEvo USA Petition 98-329-01p for determination of nonregulated status for glufosinate tolerant rice transformation events LLRice06 and LLRice62. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs2/98_32901p_com.pdf
USDA APHIS (1999c). Extension of determination of nonregulated status for corn genetically engineered for male sterility and glufosinate herbicide tolerance as a marker (MS6). United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs2/98_34901p_com.pdf
USDA APHIS (2000). Petition for the determination of nonregulated status B.t. Cry1F insect resistant, glufosinate tolerant maize line. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs/00_13601p.pdf
USDA APHIS (2001a). Application for an extension of the determination of nonregulated status for glufosinate-tolerant canola transformration (98-278-01p) : MS1/RF1/RF2(01-206-01). United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs/01_20601p.pdf
USDA APHIS (2001b). Extension of determination of nonregulated status for canola genetically engineered for male sterility, fertility restoration, and glufosinate herbicide tolerance (MS1, RF1, RF2). United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs2/01_20601p_com.pdf
USDA APHIS (2001c). Environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact : Approval of Mycogen Seeds c/o Dow AgroSciences LLC and Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. request (00-136-01p) seeking a determination of non-regulated status for Bt Cry1F insect resistant, glufosinate tolerant corn line 1507. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs2/00_13601p_com.pdf
USDA APHIS (2002a). Application for an extension of the determination of nonregulated status for glufosinate-tolerant canola transformation (97-205-01p) : Topas 19/2 (01-206-02) (HCN92). United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs/01_20602p.pdf
USDA APHIS (2002b). Extension of determination of nonregulated status for canola genetically engineered for glufosinate herbicide tolerance (HCN92). United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs2/01_20602p_com.pdf
USDA APHIS (2002c). Aventis CropScience USA LP petition for the determination of nonregulated status for glufosinate-tolerant cotton transformation event, 02-042-01p (LLcotton25). United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs/02_04201p.pdf
USDA APHIS (2003a). Petition for determination of nonregulated status : B.t. Cry1F insect-resistant cotton event 281-24-236. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs/03_03601p.pdf
USDA APHIS (2003b). Petition for determination of nonregulated status : B.t. Cry1Ac insect-resistant cotton event 3006-210-23. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs/03_03602p.pdf
USDA APHIS (2003c). Environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact : Aventis CropScience USA LP petition for the determination of nonregulated status for glufosinate-tolerant cotton transformation event, 02-042-01p(LLcotton25). United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs2/02_04201p_com.pdf
USDA APHIS (2004a). Environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact : petition for determination of nonregulated status : B.t. Cry1F insect-resistant cotton event 281-24-236 and Cry1Ac insect-resistant cotton event 3006-210-23. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs2/03_03602p_com.pdf
USDA APHIS A (2004b). Application for an extension of the determination of nonregulated status for B.t. Cry1F insect-resistant, glufosinate tolerant maize (00-136-01p) : maize line 6275. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs/03_18101p.pdf
USDA APHIS A (2004c). Environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact : approval of Mycogen Seeds c/o Dow AgroSciences request (03-181-01p) seeking extension of the determination of nonregulated status for Bt Cry1F insect-resistant, glufosinate tolerant corn line 6275. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http :// www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs2/03_18101p_com.pdf
USDA APHIS A (2004d). Application for the determination of nonregulated status for B.t. Cry34/35Ab1 insect-resistant, glufosinate tolerant corn : corn line 59122. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs/03_35301p.pdf
USDA APHIS A (2005). Environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact : request 03-353-01p seeking a determination of non-regulated status for B.t. Cry34Ab1/35Ab1 insect-resistant, glufosinate tolerant corn line 59122-7. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs2/03_35301p_com.pdf
USDA APHIS (2006a). Application for an Extension of the Determination of Nonregulated Status for Glufosinate-Tolerant Rice (98-329-01p) : Transformation Event LLRICE601. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs/06_23401p.pdf
USDA APHIS (2006b). Environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact : extension of nonregulated status to rice line LLRice601. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. http ://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs2/06_23401p_com.pdf
USEPA (2001). Biopesticide registration action document : Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1F corn. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington D.C. http ://www.epa.gov/pesticides/biopesticides/ingredients/tech_docs/brad_006481.pdf
USEPA (2005). Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1F/Cry1Ac construct 281/3006 insecticidal crystal protein as expressed in cotton (006445 & 006481) fact sheet. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington D.C. http://www.epa.gov/oppbppd1/biopesticides/ingredients/factsheets/factsheet_006445-6481.htm
USEPA (2009a). Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab Delta-Endotoxin Protein and the Genetic Material Necessary for Its Production (via Elements of Vector pZO1502) in Event Bt11 Corn (OECD Unique Identifier : SYN-BT011-1)(006444) & Bacillus thuringiensis Vip3Aa20 Insecticidal Protein and the Genetic Material Necessary for Its Production (via Elements of Vector pNOV1300) in Event MIR162 Maize (OECD Unique Identifier : SYN-IR162-4)(006599) Fact Sheet. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington D.C. http ://www.epa.gov/opp00001/biopesticides/ingredients/factsheets/factsheet_006599-006444.html
USEPA (2009b). Pesticide Fact Sheet (MON 89034 x TC1507 x MON 88017 x DAS-59122-7). United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington D.C. http ://www.epa.gov/oppbppd1/biopesticides/pips/smartstax-factsheet.pdf