Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T12:44:28.003Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Hybridization between oilseed rape (Brassica napus)and different populations and species of Raphanus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2006

Henriette Ammitzbøll  and
Rikke Bagger Jørgensen
Henriette Ammitzbøll
Affiliation:
Biosystems Department, Risø National Laboratory, P.O. Box 49, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
Rikke Bagger Jørgensen
Affiliation:
Biosystems Department, Risø National Laboratory, P.O. Box 49, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

When cultivating genetically modified varieties, the spontaneous gene flow between crop and wild relatives could be of concern. We analyzed spontaneous hybridization between a transgenic male-sterile line of oilseed rape (Brassica napus, 2n=38, AACC) and, as pollen donors, three European populations of wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum, 2n=18, Rr,Rr) and a variety of cultivated radish (Raphanus sativus, 2n=18, RR). Seeds showed size and shape dimorphism that correlated to the frequency of hybrids. The offspring were scored morphologically and analyzed using DNA markers (inter-simple sequence repeats) to quantify hybrid frequencies. Seed set ranged from 0.4–1.2 seeds per pod, and 0.02–0.6 seeds per pod were confirmed as hybrids. The frequency of confirmed hybrids differed significantly among populations of R. raphanistrum. In the cross with a French population, all offspring were hybrids; in the cross with a Swiss population, 53% of the offspring were hybrids; and in the cross with a Danish population, only 2% of the offspring were found to be hybrids. The remaining offspring apparently belonged to two groups: the majority was B. napus-like plants, possibly of matromorphic origin, and a minority from the Danish cross seemed to carry fragments of the Raphanus genome. In the cross with a cultivated R. sativus, all offspring were found to be hybrids. This is the first report on spontaneous hybridization between B. napus and R. sativus. Hybrids from all cross-combinations had low pollen fertility (0–15%). If R. raphanistrum occurs where male-sterile B. napus is cultivated, large regional differences in hybridization frequencies between the species could complicate environmental risk assessment of transgenic oilseed rape.

Keywords

hybridization frequenciespopulation differencesISSRseed dimorphism
Type
Research Article
Information
Environmental Biosafety Research , Volume 5 , Issue 1 , January 2006 , pp. 3 - 13
Copyright
© ISBR, EDP Sciences, 2006

References

Ammitzbøll, HA, Mikkelsen, T, Jørgensen, RB (2005) Environmental effects of transgene expression on hybrid fitness – a case study on oilseed rape. Environ. Biosafety Res. 4: 3–12 CrossRef
Baranger, A, Chèvre, AM, Eber, F, Renard, M (1995) Effect of oilseed rape genotype on the spontaneous hybridisation rate with a weedy species: an assessment of transgene dispersal. Theor. Appl. Genet. 91: 956–963
Booth E (1998) Oilseed rape varieties for the millennium. Agronomy Roadshow 1998. http://www.hgca.com/publications/documents/cropresearch/RD_roadshow_1998_ paper_3.pdf (accessed 06.11.2004)
Charters, YM, Robertson, A, Wilkinson, MJ, Ramsay, G (1996) PCR analysis of oilseed rape cultivars (Brassica napus L ssp oleifera) using 5’-anchored simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers. Theor. Appl. Genet. 92: 442–447 CrossRef
Cheng BF, Séguin-Swartz G, Somers DJ (2002) Cytogenetic and molecular characterization of intergeneric hybrids between Brassica napus and Orychophragmus violaceus. Genome 45: 110–115
Chèvre, AM, Eber, F, Baranger, A, Hureau, G, Barret, P, Picault, H, Renard, M (1998) Characterization of backcross generations obtained under field conditions from oilseed rape-wild radish F1 interspecific hybrids: an assessment of transgene dispersal. Theor. Appl. Genet. 97: 90–98
Chèvre, AM, Eber, F, Darmency, H, Fleury, A, Picault, H, Letanneur, JC, Renard, M (2000) Assessment of interspecific hybridisation between transgenic oilseed rape and wild radish under normal agronomic conditions. Theor. Appl. Genet. 100: 1233–1239
Chèvre AM, Ammitzbøll H, Breckling B, Dietz-Pfeilstetter A, Eber F, Fargue A, César Gomez-Campo C, Jenczewski E, Jørgensen RB, Lavigne C, Meier MS, den Nijs H, Pascher K, Seguin-Swartz G, Sweet J, Stewart Jr. N, Warwick S (2004) A review on interspecific gene flow from oilseed rape to wild relatives. In: den Nijs HCM, Bartsch D, Sweet J, eds, Introgression from genetically modified plants into wild relatives, CABI publishing, pp 235–251
Darmency, H, Lefol, E, Fleury, A (1998) Spontaneous hybridizations between oilseed rape and wild radish. Mol. Ecol. 7: 1467–1473 CrossRef
Directive 2001/18/EC of the European parliament and of the council, of 12 March 2001 http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/pri/en/oj/dat/2001/l_106/l_10620010417en00010038.pdf (accessed 1.06.2004)
Doyle, JJ, Doyle Jl (1990) Isolation of plant DNA from fresh tissue. Focus 12: 3–4
Eastham K, Sweet J (2002) Genetically modified organisms (GMOs): The significance of gene flow through pollen transfer. Environmental issue report no. 28, European Environment Agency, Copenhagen.
Eber, F, Tanguy, X, Chèvre, AM, Baranger, A, Vallée, P, Renard, M (1994) Spontaneous hybridization between a male-sterile oilseed rape and two weeds. Theor. Appl. Genet. 88: 362–368
Eenink, AH (1974a) Matromorphy in Brassica oleracea L. I. Terminology, parthenogenesis in cruciferae and the formation and usability of matromorphic plants. Euphytica 23: 429–433 CrossRef
Eenink, AH (1974b) Matromorphy in Brassica oleracea L. II. Differences in parthenogenetic ability and parthenogenesis inducing ability. Euphytica 23: 435–445 CrossRef
Eenink, AH (1975) Matromorphy in Brassica oleracea L. VI. Research on ovules, embryos and endosperms after prickle pollinations. Euphytica 24: 33–43 CrossRef
GMOaut (2004) (GMOs authorised for feed use in the European Union in accordance with directives 90/220/EEC and 2001/18/EC) http://europa.eu.int/comm/food/food/biotechnology/authorisation/feed_authorised.pdf (accessed 30.09.2004)
Gueritaine, G, Bonavent, JF, Darmency, H (2003) Variation of prezygotic barriers in the interspecific hybridization between oilseed rape and wild radish. Euphytica 130: 349–353 CrossRef
Hauser, TP, Jørgensen, RB, Østergård H (1997) Preferential exclusion of hybrids in mixed pollinations between oilseed rape (Brassica napus) and weedy B. campestris (Brassicaceae). Am. J. Bot. 84: 756–762 CrossRef
Holm LG, Doll J, Holm E, Phancho J, Herberger J (1997) World weeds: natural histories and distributions. John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA
Johannessen MM, Andersen BA, Damgaard C, Jørgensen RB (2005) Maternal inheritance of chloroplasts between Brassica rapa and F1-hybrids demonstrated by cpDNA markers specific to oilseed rape and B. rapa. Mol. Breeding 16: 271–278 CrossRef
Karron, JD, Marshall, DL, Oliveras, DM (1990) Numbers of sporophytic self-incompatibility alleles in populations of wild radish. Theor. Appl. Genet. 79: 457–460 CrossRef
Klinger T, Arriola PE, Ellstrand N (1992) Crop-weed hybridisation in radish (Raphanus sativus); effects of distance and population size. Am. J. Bot. 79: 1431–1435 CrossRef
Lefol E, Sèguin-Swartz G, Downey RK (1997) Sexual hybridisation in crosses of cultivated Brassica species with the crucifers Erucastrum gallicum and Raphanus raphanistrum: Potential for gene introgression. Euphytica 95:127–139 CrossRef
Lelivelt CLC, Lange W, Dolstra O (1993) Intergeneric crosses for the transfer of resistance to the beet cyst nematode from Raphanus sativus to Brassica napus. Euphytica 68: 111–120 CrossRef
Mariani, C, DeBeukeleer, M, DeBlock, N, Goldberg, RD (1990) Introduction of male sterility into plants by a chimaeric ribonuclease gene. Nature 347: 737–741 CrossRef
Mogensen, HL (1996) The hows and whys of cytoplasmic inheritance in seed plants. Am. J. Bot. 83: 383–404 CrossRef
Paulmann, W, Röbbelen, G (1988) Effective transfer of cytoplasmic male sterility from radish (Raphanus sativus L.) to rape (Brassica napus L.). Plant Breeding 100: 299– 309 CrossRef
Rieger, MA, Potter, TD, Preston, C, Powles, SB (2001) Hybridisation between Brassica napus L. and Raphanus raphanistrum L. under agronomic field conditions. Theor. Appl. Genet. 103: 555–560 CrossRef
Roberts HA, Boddrell JE (1983) Seed survival and periodicity of seedling emergence in 8 species of cruciferae. Ann. Appl. Biol. 103: 301–304
Sampson DR (1964) A one-locus self-incompatibility system in Raphanus raphanistrum. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 6: 435– 445 CrossRef
Scheffler, JA, Dale, PJ (1994) Opportunities for gene transfer from transgenic oilseed rape (Brassica napus) to related species. Transgenic Res. 3: 263–278 CrossRef
Snow, AA, Uthus, KL, Culley, TM (2001) Fitness of hybrids between weedy and cultivated radish: implications for weed evolution. Ecol. Appl. 11: 934–949 CrossRef
Steward, CN, Via, LE (1993) A rapid CTAB DNA isolation technique useful for rapid fingerprinting and other applications. Biotechniques 14: 748
Takeshita M, Kato M, Tokumasu S (1980) Application of ovule culture to the production of intergeneric or interspecific hybrids in Brassica and Raphanus. Jpn. J. Genet. 55: 373–387 CrossRef
Thalmann, C, Guadagnuolo, R, Felber, F (2001) Search for spontaneous hybridization between oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) and wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum L.) in agricultural zones and evaluation of the genetic diversity of the wild species. Botanica Helvetica 111: 107–119
Tutin TG, Heywood VH, Burges NA, Valentine DH, Walters SM, Webb DA, eds (1980) Flora Europea. Cambridge University Press.
Warwick, SI, Francis, A (2005) The biology of Canadian weeds. 132. Raphanus raphanistrum. L. Can. J. Plant Sci. 85: 709–733 CrossRef
Warwick, SI, Simard, MJ, Légère, A, Beckie, HJ, Braun, L, Zhu, B, Mason, P, Séguin-Swartz, G, Stewart, CN (2003) Hybridisation between transgenic Brassica napus L. And its wild relatives: Brassica rapa L., Raphanus raphanistrum L., Sinapis arvensis L., and Erucastrum gallicum (Wild.) O.E. Schulz. Theor. Appl. Genet. 107: 528–539 CrossRef