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Crop-to-wild gene flow, introgression and possible fitness effects of transgenes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 January 2003

Eric Jenczewski ,
Joëlle Ronfort  and
Anne-Marie Chèvre
Eric Jenczewski
Affiliation:
Unité Mixte de Recherche ENSAR-INRA, Amélioration des plantes et biotechnologies végétales - Domaine de la Motte, BP 35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France
Joëlle Ronfort
Affiliation:
UFR-GAP INRA Montpellier, Domaine de Melgueil, 34130 Mauguio, France
Anne-Marie Chèvre
Affiliation:
Unité Mixte de Recherche ENSAR-INRA, Amélioration des plantes et biotechnologies végétales - Domaine de la Motte, BP 35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France

Abstract

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Crop-to-wild gene flow has received close attention over the past ten years in connection with the development and cultivation of transgenic crops. In this paper, we review key examples of crop/wild sympatry and overlapping flowering phenology, pollen and seed dispersal, the barriers to hybridisation and introgression, the evolution and fate of interspecific hybrids, their fitness, and the potential cost of transgenes. We pay particular attention to ways in which the evolution and divergence between crops and their wild relatives may interfere with these successive steps. Our review suggests that crop-to-weed gene flow is highly idiosyncratic and that crop gene dispersion will certainly be very difficult to preclude totally. Future directions for research should thus focus on the long-term establishment and effects of transgenes on natural communities.

Keywords

gene flowhybridizationintrogressionhybrid fitnesstransgene costcrop-wild complexes
Type
Research Article
Information
Environmental Biosafety Research , Volume 2 , Issue 1 , January 2003 , pp. 9 - 24
Copyright
© ISBR, EDP Sciences, 2003

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