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Karoo tupilakosaurid: a relict from Gondwana

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 November 2011

Anne Warren
Anne Warren
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 3083
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Abstract

A new temnospondyl, Thabanchuia oomie gen. et sp. nov., is described from three skulls and associated postcranial elements from the Early Triassic Lystrosaurus Zone of South Africa. T. oomie is the best-preserved member of the Tupilakosauridae, a temnospondyl taxon previously known only from disarticulated material from Russia and Greenland, but shown here to include Kourerpeton bradyi, an articulated specimen with no locality data but presumed to be from North America. Tupilakosaurids are the only Mesozoic survivors of the dvinosaurian radiation, the sister group to the archegosaurs of the Permian plus the stereospondyl clade. It is postulated that their occurrence in Russia, Greenland and North America represents a reinvasion from Gondwana, where they survived the Late Permian extinctions along with the stem of the stereospondyl clade. T. oomie is probably immature but, like other members of the dvinosaurian clade, was fully aquatic, had ossified ceratobranchials and most likely an increased number of vertebrae and reduced limbs. Like Tupilakosaurus, T. oomie had diplospondylous centra.

Keywords

anatomyceratobranchialdiplospondylyDvinosauriaphylogenySouth AfricatemnospondylTriassic.
Type
Research Article
Information
Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh , Volume 89 , Issue 3 , 1998 , pp. 145 - 160
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1998

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