II. An Essay, upon the Utility of defining Synonymous Terms in all Languages; with Illustrations by Examples from the Latin

John Hill

doi:10.1017/S0080456800024583

II. An Essay, upon the Utility of defining Synonymous Terms in all Languages; with Illustrations by Examples from the Latin

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 17 January 2013

John Hill

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John Hill: Affiliation:
Professor of Humanity in theUniversity of Edinburgh.

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Words that are precisely equivalent are rarely, if at all, to be met with in any language. Those properly called synonymous, exhibit one leading circumstance in which they all agree, and one or more accessory circumstances in which they differ. When the point of their general coincidence, and the grounds of their particular diversities, are clearly ascertained, it is then in the power of the writer to use them with propriety. By the assistance of the grammarian, he knows which to adopt and which to reject, and can reconcile embellishment with accuracy and precision.

Type: Papers Read Before the Society
Information: Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh , Volume 3 , Issue 2 , 1794 , pp. 93 - 130

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0080456800024583 [Opens in a new window]
Copyright: Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1794

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^{page 94 note *} Sen. Ben. 22.

^{page 94 note †} Cic. in Ver. 4. 12.

^{page 95 note *} Cic. Tuse. Q. 5. 5.

^{page 95 note §} Æneid. 9. 193.

^{page 95 note †} Cic. Quin. 14. a.

^{page 95 note ∥} 1.27. & 2.15.

^{page 95 note ‡} Cic. Ver. 215. a.

^{page 95 note **} The observations of the celebrated Gesner upon this verb, are worthy of that extensive erudition and acute discernment for which he is justly distinguished. By means of his accurate remarks upon the force of some single terms, my labour in tracing the circumstance by which they are allied to other ones, has been abridged; and no scholar should be ashamed to avow his obligations to so able a guide.

^{page 96 note *} Cic. pro Muræn. 136. b.

^{page 96 note †} Virg. Ec. 3.64.

^{page 96 note ‡} Hor. S. 1.3, 4.

^{page 97 note *} Cic de Off. 58. b.

^{page 97 note †} Cic. de Legg. 1.7.

^{page 97 note ‡} Cic. de Off. 1.88.

^{page 97 note §} Quin. Cur. 4.1.

^{page 98 note *} Cic. in Ver. 4.44.

^{page 98 note †} Serv. Æn. 9.193.

^{page 99 note *} Sen.Ep. 10.

^{page 99 note †} Pers. Sat. 2.3.

^{page 100 note *} Petron. Arbit. 88. 8.

^{page 100 note †} Val. Max. 1.1.1.

^{page 100 note ‡} ΙΛΙΑΔ. a. 39.

^{page 100 note §} Cic. Ep. Fam.98. et pro Quint. 13.

^{page 101 note *} Cic. pro Plan. 48.

^{page 101 note †} De diff Verb. lib. 2.

^{page 101 note ‡} Cic. pro Rab. 9.

^{page 101 note §} Hor. Car. 2 18. 12.

^{page 101 note ∥} Plaut. Prol. Caf. 23.

^{page 102 note *} Cæf. Bell. Civ. 1.87.

^{page 102 note †} Tac. Hist. 2.39.

^{page 103 note *} Epist. 7.

^{page 103 note †} Cic de Fin. 104. a.

^{page 103 note ‡} Cic. in Pis.95.a.

^{page 103 note §} Hor. Ep. 1.20.17.

^{page 103 note ∥} Cic. de Or. 2.233.

^{page 103 note **} Ovid. Fass. 4.418.

^{page 104 note *} Cic. pro Dom. 219.b.

^{page 104 note †} Ep. 34.a.

^{page 104 note ‡} Ovid. Ep. 1.112.

^{page 104 note §} Liv. 1.39.

^{page 104 note ∥} Cic. Tusc. Q.161.b.

^{page 105 note *} Cic. de Off. 31.b

^{page 105 note †} Jug.95.

^{page 105 note ‡} Cic. Ep. 24. b.

^{page 105 note §} Qninctil. 1.27.

^{page 106 note *} Cic. in Ver. 184. a.

^{page 105 note †} Cic. de Sen. 82. b.

^{page 105 note ‡} Liv. 4.36.

^{page 105 note §} Cic. pro Mil. 103. a.

^{page 107 note *} Cic. de Or. 123. b.

^{page 107 note †} Hor. Ep. 2.2.7.

^{page 107 note ‡} Cic. Ep. Fam. 5.20.

^{page 107 note §} Ov Met. 3.175.

^{page 107 note **} Lucret. 2.739.

^{page 108 note *} Cic. Nat. D. 36. a.

^{page 108 note †} Virg. Ec. 2.21.

^{page 108 note ‡} Ov. Met. 15.14.

^{page 108 note §} Cic. Off. 34. a.

^{page 108 note **} Colum. 12.1.

^{page 108 note ††} Cic. de Inv. 1.2.

^{page 108 note ‡‡} Cic. Nat. D. 26. a.

^{page 109 note *} Virg. Æn. 11.736.

^{page 109 note †} Tacit. Hist. 4.18.

^{page 109 note ‡} Lucret. 2.9.

^{page 110 note *} Cic. N. D. 51. b.

^{page 110 note †} Virg. Geor. 1.150.

^{page 110 note ‡} Cic. Ep. ad Att. 82. a.

^{page 110 note §} Tac. Ag. 46.

^{page 110 note **} Hor. Car. 3.24.42.

^{page 111 note *} Lucret. 6.674.

^{page 111 note †} Plaut. Capt. 4.2.64.

^{page 111 note ‡} Ter. Eun. 3.1.1.

^{page 111 note §} Cic. in Læl. 26.

^{page 112 note *} Cic. in Ver. 228. a.

^{page 112 note †} Virg. Æn. 3.353.

^{page 112 note †} Liv. 1.44.

^{page 112 note §} Auct. ad Her. 22.a.

^{page 112 note **} Cic. Am. 109. a.

^{page 113 note *} Sueton. Calig. 47.

^{page 113 note †} Var. de Re. R. 2.1.

^{page 113 note ‡} Hor. Car. 3.25.16.

^{page 113 note §} Hor. Sat. 2.2.35

^{page 113 note **} Tac. Ann. 1.61.

^{page 114 note *} In Virg. Ec. 10.20.

^{page 114 note †} Lib. 2.133.

^{page 114 note ‡} Virg. Æn. 3.198.

^{page 114 note §} Vitruv. 8.21.

^{page 114 note **} Cic. Tusc. 9.2.33.

^{page 114 note *} Cic in Ver. 2.45.

^{page 114 note †} In Virg. Ec. 10.20.

^{page 114 note ‡} Ovid. Fast. 4.235.

^{page 116 note *} Plin. 12.12.26.

^{page 116 note †} Cic. de Sen. 10.83. b.

^{page 116 note ‡} Αςιστοτ. πεςι γενεσεως ϰαι φθοςας. ϰεφ. ς.

^{page 116 note §} Lib. 7. cap. 3.

^{page 117 note *} Hor. Car. 1.5.14.

^{page 117 note †} Virg.Ec. 10.20.

^{page 117 note ‡} Hor. Car. 4.5.37.

^{page 118 note *} Juv. Sat. 5.98.

^{page 118 note †} Cic. ad Quint. Frat. 2.14.

^{page 118 note ‡} Plaut. Amph. 5.4.18.

^{page 119 note *} Martial, 1.40.

^{page 119 note †} Hor. Car. 3.21.9.

^{page 119 note ‡} Car. 3.19.12.

^{page 120 note *} Asm. 3.3.135.

^{page 120 note †} Cic. pro Muræn. 66.

^{page 120 note ‡} Cic. Am. 106. b.

^{page 120 note §} Cic. Ep. Att. 13.37. & 126. a.

^{page 121 note *} Plaut. Epid. 3.3.44.

^{page 121 note †} Cic. de Am. 100. a.

^{page 121 note †} Plin. lib. 8.

^{page 121 note §} Colum. 11.12.

^{page 121 note **} Virg. G. 1.256.

^{page 121 note ††} Hor. Car. 1.23.11.

^{page 122 note *} Cic. N. D. 52. b.

^{page 122 note †} Cic. de Sen. 14.

^{page 122 note ‡} Hor. Ep. 2.1.142.

^{page 122 note §} Hor. Ep. 2.1.114.

^{page 122 note **} Cic. in Ver. 244. b.

^{page 123 note *} Ov. Ep. 17. 7.

^{page 123 note †} Cic. in Ver. 236. b.

^{page 123 note ‡} Liv. cap. 36.

^{page 123 note §} Cic. Tufc. Q.164. a.

^{page 123 note **} Ovid. Trist. 2. 329.

^{page 124 note *} Propert. 3. 18.24.

^{page 124 note †} Æn. 6.413.

^{page 124 note ‡} Cic. de Inv. 81. b.

^{page 124 note §} Liv. 23. 3.

^{page 124 note **} Virg. Georg. 1. 261.

^{page 124 note ††} Hor. Ep. 1. 18. 61.

^{page 125 note *} Cic. pro. Mil. 27.

^{page 125 note †} Hor. Ep. 1.18. 29.

^{page 125 note ‡} Liv. 1. 3.

^{page 125 note §} Cic. Amicit. 113. b.

^{page 125 note **} Cic. Amicit. 113. 103. b.

^{page 125 note ††} Hor. Car. 3. 16. 9.

^{page 126 note *} Cic. Rull.72. b.

^{page 126 note †} Cic. Ver. 3. 50.

^{page 126 note ‡} Cic. Ep. Att. 132. a.

^{page 126 note §} Hor. Car. 1. 7. 25.

^{page 127 note *} Quinct. Decl. 9. 10.

^{page 127 note †} Hor. Car. 2. 7. 5.

^{page 127 note ‡} Cic. Sen. 86. a.

^{page 127 note §} Cic. de Sen. 78. b.

^{page 127 note **} Cic. Or. 3. 123.

^{page 127 note ††} Plaut. Cap. 2. 1. 21.

^{page 128 note *} Cic. de Or. 85. b.

^{page 128 note ‡} Cic. de Inv. 62. b.

^{page 128 note ‡} Virg. Georg. 1. 115.

^{page 128 note §} Cic. de Am. 52.

^{page 128 note **} Cic. in Brut. 238.

^{page 129 note *} Tac. Agric. 6.

^{page 129 note †} Cic. Phil. 2. 66.

^{page 129 note ‡} Cic. de N. D. 52. a.

^{page 129 note §} Cic. de N. D. 77. b.

^{page 129 note **} Quinct. 2. 4.

^{page 130 note *} Cic. Orat. 198. a.

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II. An Essay, upon the Utility of defining Synonymous Terms in all Languages; with Illustrations by Examples from the Latin

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