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The Prognostic Effect of Air Pollution in Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department with Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2024

Mustafa Sabak ,
Muge Gulen Open the ORCID record for Muge Gulen [Opens in a new window] ,
Salim Satar ,
Cuma Yildirim ,
Ahmet Faruk Yildiz  and
Suat Zengin
Mustafa Sabak
Affiliation:
Gaziantep University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey
Muge Gulen*
Affiliation:
Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Adana, Turkey
Salim Satar
Affiliation:
Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Adana, Turkey
Cuma Yildirim
Affiliation:
Gaziantep University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey
Ahmet Faruk Yildiz
Affiliation:
Gaziantep University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey
Suat Zengin
Affiliation:
Gaziantep University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey
*
Corresponding author: Muge Gulen; Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Objective

Weather conditions such as low air temperatures, low barometric pressure, and low wind speed have been linked to more cases of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. However, limited literature exists regarding the impact of air pollution. This study aims to investigate the relationship between outdoor air pollution and CO poisoning in 2 distinct cities in Turkey.

Methods

A prospective study was conducted at 2 tertiary hospitals, recording demographic data, presenting complaints, vital signs, blood gas and laboratory parameters, carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels, meteorological parameters, and pollutant parameters. Complications and outcomes were also documented.

Results

The study included 83 patients (Group 1 = 44, Group 2 = 39). The air quality index (AQI) in Group 2 (61.7 ± 27.7) (moderate AQI) was statistically significantly higher (dirtier AQI) than that in Group 1 (47.3 ± 26.4) (good AQI) (P = 0.018). The AQI was identified as an independent predictor for forecasting the need for hospitalization (OR = 1.192, 95% CI: 1.036 - 1.372, P = 0.014) and predicting the risk of developing cardiac complications (OR: 1.060, 95% CI: 1.017 - 1.104, P = 0.005).

Conclusions

The AQI, derived from the calculation of 6 primary air pollutants, can effectively predict the likelihood of hospitalization and cardiac involvement in patients presenting to the emergency department with CO poisoning.

Keywords

Air Quality Indexcarbon monoxide poisoningclimate factorsweather parameters
Type
Original Research
Information
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness , Volume 18 , 2024 , e126
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Inc

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