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Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Disasters and Public Health Emergencies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 June 2021

Sally Lu ,
Gordon A. Christie ,
Thanh T. Nguyen ,
Jeffrey D. Freeman  and
Edbert B. Hsu
Sally Lu
Affiliation:
Office of Critical Event Preparedness and Response (CEPAR), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
Gordon A. Christie
Affiliation:
Asymmetric Operations Sector, Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, USA
Thanh T. Nguyen
Affiliation:
School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, Australia
Jeffrey D. Freeman
Affiliation:
National Health Mission, Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, USA
Edbert B. Hsu*
Affiliation:
Office of Critical Event Preparedness and Response (CEPAR), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
*
Corresponding author: Edbert B. Hsu, Email [email protected].
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Abstract

Indexed literature (from 2015 to 2020) on artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and machine learning algorithms (ML) pertaining to disasters and public health emergencies were reviewed. Search strategies were developed and conducted for PubMed and Compendex. Articles that met inclusion criteria were filtered iteratively by title followed by abstract review and full text review. Articles were organized to identify novel approaches and breadth of potential AI applications. A total of 1217 articles were initially retrieved by the search. Upon relevant title review, 1003 articles remained. Following abstract screening, 667 articles remained. Full text review for relevance yielded 202 articles. Articles that met inclusion criteria totaled 56 articles. Those identifying specific roles of AI and ML (17 articles) were grouped by topics highlighting utility of AI and ML in disaster and public health emergency contexts. Development and use of AI and ML have increased dramatically over the past few years. This review discusses and highlights potential contextual applications and limitations of AI and ML in disaster and public health emergency scenarios.

Keywords

machine learningartificial intelligencepublic health emergenciesdisaster preparedness
Type
Systematic Review
Information
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness , Volume 16 , Issue 4 , August 2022 , pp. 1674 - 1681
Copyright
© Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Inc. 2021

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