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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 February 2024
In our book, Arms and Daggers in the Heart of Africa, Michael Olisa noted that external intervention in an internal conflict could be problematic even if carried out on humanitarian grounds. All sides of the conflict must see the intervening force as indeed neutral for it to succeed in its mission. The conflicting forces must also accept, separately and individually, that intervention is in their interest. In turn, the act of intervention must be precise and clear in objective, with the capability to be implemented in accordance with a program endorsed by all parties.
1. P. Anyang' Nyong'o (ed.), Arms and Daggers in the Heart of Africa (Nairobi, 1993).
2. ECOMOG: ECOWAS Monitoring Group; ECOWAS: Economic Communities of West Africa States.
3. Dixon Kamukama, "Pride and Prejudice in Ethnic Relations: Rwanda," in Anyang' Nyong'o, pp. 133-60.
4. Secretariat of the Permanent Tripartite Commission for East African Coopera tion, Draft Treaty for the Establishment of the East African Community, Arusha International Conference Center, 1998.
5. Draft Treaty, Article 122.
6. V.I. Lenin, The Right of Nations to Self-Determination, Vol. 1, Selected Works (Moscow, 1967), pp. 599-654.
7. Lenin, pp. 613-14.
8. Lenin, p. 615.
9. The Hutu people.
10. Kamukama, "Pride and Prejudice," p. 155.
11. This was the case of Mrs. Agathe Uwilingiyimana, who began her position in 1993; she was assassinated in her home on 7 April 1994.
12. A. Zolberg, Creating Political Order (Princeton, 1967).
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