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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 02 April 2024
The word “encyclopedia” comes to us from the Greek or, more precisely, is the deformed transcription, through Latin, of a erase in which we recognize a word composed of two elements, enkyklios and paideia, found in Quintilian in the ancient editions of De institutione oratoria (I, 10, 1). The expression itself, enkyklios paideia, appears only later, in the Hellenistic Age, under Roman domination, beginning with Dionysius of Halicarnassus (around the first century B.C.), but the concept goes back to the Eleatics, especially to Hippias of Elis who, if we can believe the account in Plato's Dialogues, taught this total knowledge, later known with the term enkyklopaideia.
1 F. Kühnert, Allgemeinbildung und Fachbildung in der Antike, Berlin, 1961, S. 7-18.
2 Diderot, Le Reve de d'Alembert, ed. by J. Varloot, Paris, 1962.
3 Aristophanes, Ranae, 1477-78, and Euripides, frag. 639, Nauck; cf. also frag. 830. This quotation comes from a lost tragedy, perhaps from Polyide or Phrixos.
4 Voltaire, Epitres CIV, A l'auteur du livre des Trois Imposteurs, v. 22. To which Diderot answered, in petto, "That is what we have done."
5 Critias, B 25, Diels.
6 Voltaire, letter to M. Damilaville, March 19, 1766.
7 Vie de Numa, IV.
8 Poème sur le desastre de Lisbonne.
9 Critique de la Raison pratique, Conclusion.
10 XII, 8, 1073 ab.
11 Paradiso, XXXIII, 145.
12 Métaphysique, XII, 7, 1072 b.
13 Apulelus, Les Florides, 9.
14 Les Soirées de Saint-Pétersbourg, 9th interview.
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