Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-lnqnp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-20T17:46:05.297Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Why the ‘Politics’ against African Philosophy should be Discontinued

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 April 2018

JONATHAN O. CHIMAKONAM*
Affiliation:
University of Calabar and University of Johannesburg
VICTOR CLEMENT NWEKE
Affiliation:
University of Duisburg

Abstract

We argue that philosophy education across the globe is still bedevilled with the ‘politics’ of marginalization of less favoured traditions like African philosophy. Extant works show that the conventional curriculum of philosophy used in educational institutions across the globe is predominantly Western and, as such, very much colonial. We contend that this amounts to a sort of ‘epistemic injustice’ that is detrimental to knowledge production. We argue specifically that this ‘politics’ should be discontinued. We propose the conversational tradition, out of which a philosophy curriculum that is comprehensive and antithetical to the politics of exclusion may be developed.

Nous soutenons que l’enseignement de la philosophie à travers le monde est encore hanté par une «politique» de marginalisation des traditions moins favorisées comme la philosophie africaine. Des travaux renommés montrent que le programme classique de philosophie utilisé dans les établissements d’enseignement à travers le monde est principalement occidental et, en tant que tel, très colonial. Nous soutenons que cela équivaut à une sorte d’«injustice épistémique» qui porte préjudice à la production de la connaissance. Nous affirmons en particulier que cette «politique» doit être interrompue. Nous proposons comme alternative la tradition conversationnelle, à partir de laquelle une programme de philosophie compréhensif et inconciliable avec la politique d’exclusion pourrait être mis au point.

Type
Special Issue: Philosophy and its Borders
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Philosophical Association 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adichie, Chimamanda 2015 “The Danger of a Single Story.” TED Global Lectures. Oxford.Google Scholar
Agbo, Joseph N. 2003 “Africa within the Globe: Confronting the Parameters of Cross-Cultural Philosophy.” Journal of Cultural Studies 5 (2): 182213.Google Scholar
Agbo, Joseph N. 2015 “The Question of the West and the Rest of Us in African Philosophy.” In Atuolu Omalu: Some Unanswered Questions in Contemporary African Philosophy, edited by Chimakonam, Jonathan O., 219-239. Lanham: University Press of America.Google Scholar
Asouzu, Innocent I. 2004 The Method and Principles Complementary Reflection in and Beyond African Philosophy. Calabar: University of Calabar Press.Google Scholar
Asouzu, Innocent I. 2007 Ibuanyidanda: New Complementary Ontology, Beyond World-Immanentism, Ethnocentric Reduction and Imposition. London: Transaction.Google Scholar
Bernasconi, Robert 1997 “African Philosophy’s Challenge to Continental Philosophy.” In Postcolonial African Philosophy: A Critical Reader, edited by Eze, Emmanuel Chuckwui, 183196. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishers.Google Scholar
Chimakonam, Jonathan O. 2014 “Interrogatory Theory: Patterns of Social Deconstruction, Reconstruction and the Conversational Order in African Philosophy.” Filosofia Theoretica: Journal of African Philosophy, Culture And Religions 3 (1): 125.Google Scholar
Chimakonam, Jonathan O. 2015a “Transforming the African philosophical place through conversations: An inquiry into the Global Expansion of Thought (GET).” South African Journal of Philosophy 34 (4): 462479.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chimakonam, Jonathan O. 2015b “Conversational Philosophy as a New School of Thought in African Philosophy: A Conversation with Bruce Janz on the Concept of ‘Philosophical Space.’” Confluence: Journal of World Philosophies 3: 940.Google Scholar
Chimakonam, Jonathan O. 2015c “Dating and Periodization Questions in African Philosophy.” In Atuolu Omalu: Some Unanswered Questions in Contemporary African Philosophy, edited by Chimakonam, Jonathan O., 9-34. Lanham: University Press of America.Google Scholar
Chimakonam, Jonathan O. 2015d “Addressing Uduma’s Africanness of a Philosophy Question and shifting the paradigm from Metaphilosophy to Conversational Philosophy.” Filosofia Theoretica: Journal of African Philosophy, Culture and Religions 4 (1): 3350.Google Scholar
Chimakonam, Jonathan O. 2015e “Preface.” In Atuolu Omalu: Some Unanswered Questions in Contemporary African Philosophy, edited by Chimakonam, Jonathan O., xi-xv. Lanham: University Press of America.Google Scholar
Chimakonam, Jonathan O. 2016 “Can the philosophy curriculum be Africanised? An examination of the prospects and challenges of some models of Africanisation.” South African Journal of Philosophy 35 (4): 513522.Google Scholar
Chimakonam, Jonathan O. Forthcoming “Conversationalism as an Emerging Method of Thinking in African Philosophy.”Google Scholar
Copleston, Frederick 1946–1975 A History of Philosophy. Vol. I–XI, London: Continuum.Google Scholar
Derrida, Jacques 1994 “Of the Humanities and the Philosophical Discipline: The Right to Philosophy from the Cosmopolitan Point of View (the example of an International Institution).” Surfaces IV (310), Folio1, Montreal. https://www.ufmg.br/derrida.Google Scholar
Edet, Mesembe I. 2016 “Innocent Onyewuenyi’s Philosophical Re-appraisal of the African Belief in Reincarnation: A Conversational Study.” Filosofia Theoretica: Journal of African Philosophy, Culture and Religions 5 (1): 7699.Google Scholar
Etieyibo, Edwin 2016 “Why ought the philosophy curriculum in universities in Africa be Africanised? South African Journal of Philosophy 35 (4): 404417.Google Scholar
Ezeani, Emefiani 2005 Philosophy as Intelligent and Pragmatic Questioning. London: Veritas Lumen Publishers.Google Scholar
Foucault, Michel 1972 “The Discourse on Language.” In The Archaeology of Knowledge and the Discourse on Language, 215238. New York: Harper & Row.Google Scholar
Foucault, Michel 1999 “Michel Foucault and Zen: A stay in Zen Temple.” In Religion and Culture, edited by Carrette, Jeremy, 110114. Manchester: Manchester University Press.Google Scholar
Forst, Rainer 2002 A Right to Justification: Elements of a Constructivist Theory of Justice. Translated by Flynn, Jeffrey. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Fricker, Miranda 2007 Epistemic Injustice: Power and the Ethics of Knowing. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Gyekye, Kwame 1997 Tradition and Modernity: Philosophical Reflections on the African Experience. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Hallen, Barry 2010 “Ethnophilosophy” Redefined?” Thought and Practice: A Journal of the Philosophical Association of Kenya. New Series 2 (1): 7385.Google Scholar
Hountondji, Paulin J. 1996 African Philosophy: Myth and Reality. 2nd rev. ed. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Igbokwe, Chinweizu 1978 The West and the Rest of Us. Lagos: Nok Publishers.Google Scholar
Ikuenobe, Polycarp 2006 Philosophical Perspectives on Communalism and Morality in African Traditions. Lanham: Lexington Books.Google Scholar
Iroegbu, Pantaleon 1995 Metaphysics, the Kpim of philosophy. Owerri: International Universities Press.Google Scholar
Janz, Bruce 2009 Philosophy in an African Place. Lanham: Lexington Books.Google Scholar
Janz, Bruce 2015 “African Philosophy: Some Basic Questions.” In Atuolu Omalu: Some Unanswered Questions in Contemporary African Philosophy, edited by Chimakonam, Jonathan, 131145. Lanham: University Press of America.Google Scholar
John-Terry, Chris 1994 For the Love of Wisdom: An Explanation of the Meaning and Purpose of Philosophy. New York: Alba House.Google Scholar
Jones, Kile 2009 “Analytic Versus Continental Philosophy.” Philosophy Now. July/August: 1215.Google Scholar
Jones, Ward E., and Metz, Thaddeus 2015 “The Politics of Philosophy in Africa: A Conversation, South African Journal of Philosophy 34 (4): 538550.Google Scholar
Kenny, Anthony 2006 What I Believe. London: Continuum.Google Scholar
Kimmerle, Heinz 1994 Die Dimensionen des Interkulturellen: Philosophie in Afrika—Afrikanische Philosphie. Amsterdam: Supplimente und Verallgemeinerungs-schritte.Google Scholar
Makinde, Moses A. 2010 African Philosophy: The Demise of a Controversy. 2nd edn. Ile-Ife: Obafemi Awolowo University Press.Google Scholar
Mall, Ram Adhar 2015 “When is Philosophy Intercultural? Outlooks and Perspectives.” InterCultural Philosophy 2: 16.Google Scholar
Mangena, Fainos 2016 “Hunhu/Ubuntu in the Traditional Thought of Southern Africa.” In the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, edited by Fieser, James and Dowden, Edward. http://www.iep.utm.edu/hunhu.Google Scholar
Martens, David B. 2016 “Yielding ground to none”: Normative perspectives on African philosophy and its curricular.” South African Journal of Philosophy 35 (4): 383400.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Masolo, Dismas A. 1994 African Philosophy in Search of Identity. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Matolino, Bernard 2014 Personhood in African Philosophy. Pietermaritzburg: Cluster Publications.Google Scholar
Maurier, Henri 1984 “Do we have an African Philosophy?” In African Philosophy: An Introduction. 3rd ed. Edited by Wright, Richard, 2540. Lanham: University Press of America.Google Scholar
Menkiti, Ifeanyi 1984 Person and Community in African Traditional Thought. In African Philosophy: An Introduction, 3rd edn., edited by Wright, Richard, 4155. Lanham: University Press of America.Google Scholar
Metz, Thaddeus 2011 “Ubuntu as a Moral Theory and Human Rights in South Africa.” African Human Rights Law Journal 11 (2): 532559.Google Scholar
Metz, Thaddeus 2013 “The Western ethic of care or an Afro-communitarian ethic? Specifying the right relational morality.” Journal of Global Ethics 9 (1): 7792. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17449626.2012.756421.Google Scholar
Metz, Thaddeus 2015a “Africanising Institutional Culture.” In Being at Home: Race, Institutional Culture and Transformation at South African Higher Education Institutions, edited by Tabensky, Pedro and Matthews, Sally, 242272. Pietermaritzburg: University of KwaZulu-Natal Press.Google Scholar
Metz, Thaddeus 2015b “An African Egalitarianism: Bringing Community to Bear on Equality.” In The Equal Society: Essays on Equality in Theory and Practice, edited by Hull, George, 185208. Lanham: Lexington Books.Google Scholar
Metz, Thaddeus 2016a “An African Theory of Social Justice: Relationship as the Ground of Rights, Resources and Recognition.” In Distributive Justice Debates in Political and Social Thoughts: Perspectives on Finding a Fair Share, edited by Boisen, Camilla and Murray, Mathew, 171190. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Metz, Thaddeus 2016b “Teaching African philosophy alongside Western philosophy: Some advice about topics and texts. South African Journal of Philosophy 35 (4): 490500.Google Scholar
Metz, Thaddeus 2017 “Replacing Development: An Afro-communal Approach to Global Justice.” Philosophical Papers 46 (1): 111137.Google Scholar
Nweke, Victor C.A. 2015a “Complementary Reflection vs. Binary Complementarity: An Interrogatory Discourse of the Problem of Anachronism in African Philosophy.” Presented at the International African Philosophy Conference organized by the University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa and the University of Nairobi, Kenya on the theme: African Philosophy: Past, Present and Future. Senate Building, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, September 9–11, 2015.Google Scholar
Nweke, Victor C.A. 2015b “David A. Oyedola and the Imperative to Disambiguate the Term ‘African Philosopher’: A Conversation from the Standpoint of the Conversational School of Philosophy (CSP).” Filosofia Theoretica: Journal of African Philosophy, Culture and Religions 4 (2): 9499.Google Scholar
Nweke, Victor C.A. 2016 “Mesembe Edet’s Conversation with Innocent Onyewuenyi: An Exposition of the Significance of the Method and Canons of Conversational Philosophy.” Filosofia Theoretica: Journal of African Philosophy, Culture and Religions 5 (2): 5472.Google Scholar
Oguejiofor, Obi J. 2010 In Praise of African Philosophy, (Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Inaugural Lectures Series No. I4), Enugu: Victojo Production Services.Google Scholar
Oluwole, Sophie B. 2014 Socrates and Orunmila: Two Patron Saints of Classical Philosophy. Lagos: Ark Publishers.Google Scholar
Oruka, Odera 1975 “The Fundamental Principles in the Question of African Philosophy.” Second Order 4 (1): 4455.Google Scholar
Outlaw, Lucius 2003 “African Philosophy: Deconstructive and Reconstructive Challenges.” In The African Philosophy Reader, 2nd ed., edited by Coetzee, P.H. and Roux, A.P.J., 162191. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Oyedola, David A. 2015 “African Philosophy and the Search for an African Philosopher: The Demise of a Conflictual Discourse.” Filosofia Theoretica: Journal of African Philosophy, Culture and Religions 4 (1): 5174.Google Scholar
Peruzzi, Alberto 2007 “Beyond a Division: Giulio Preti and the Dispute between Analytic and Continental Philosophy.” Diogenes 54 (4): 4758.Google Scholar
Praeg, Leonhard 2014 A Report on Ubuntu. Pietermaritzburg: University of KwaZulu Natal Press.Google Scholar
Ramose, Mogobe 2005 African Philosophy through Ubuntu. Harare: Mond Books.Google Scholar
Rorty, Richard 1979 Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Rorty, Richard 1982 Consequences of Pragmatism. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Rorty, Richard 2007 Philosophy as Cultural Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Russell, Bertrand 1996 History of Western Philosophy. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Serequeberhan, Tsenay 1991 “African Philosophy: The Point in Question.” In African Philosophy: The Essential Reading, edited by Serequeberhan, Tsenay, 328. New York: Paragon House.Google Scholar
Uduma, Oji 2014 “The Question of the ‘African’ in African Philosophy: In Search of a Criterion for the Africanness of a Philosophy.” Filosofia Theoretica: Journal of African Philosophy, Culture and Religions 3 (1): 127146.Google Scholar
UNESCO 2007 Philosophy: A School of Freedom; Teaching Philosophy and Learning to Philosophize: Status and Prospects. Paris: UNESCO.Google Scholar
Wheeler, Samuel C. 2010 “Analytical vs. Continental Philosophy: Bridging the Gap.” The European Legacy 15 (7): 897900.Google Scholar
Wimmer, Franz 1996 “Is Intercultural Philosophy a New Branch or a New Orientation in Philosophy?” In Interculturality of Philosophy and Religion, edited by D’Souza, Gregory, 4557. Bangalore: National Biblical Catechetical and Liturgical Centre.Google Scholar
Wimmer, Franz 2007 “Cultural Centrisms and Intercultural Polylogues in Philosophy.” International Review of Information Ethics 7: 18.Google Scholar
Wiredu, Kwasi 1996 Cultural Universals and Particulars: An African Perspective. Indiana: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Wright, Richard 1984 “Investigating African Philosophy.” In African Philosophy: An Introduction. 3rd ed., edited by Wright, Richard, 4155. Lanham: University Press of America.Google Scholar
Yousefi, von Hamid Reza 2007 “On the Theory and Practice of Intercultural Philosophy.” In On Community. Community and Civil Society 47/48 (12): 105124.Google Scholar