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Réduction «rôle-occupant», réduction «micro-macro» et explication réductrice a priori

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 April 2010

Max Kistler
Max Kistler
Affiliation:
Université Paris X–Nanterre et Institut Jean Nicod
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Abstract

It has been argued that most truths about macroscopic states of affairs are entailed by a (hypothetical) complete description P of the world in microscopic terms. In principle, micro-reductive explanations of non-microphysical truths could be constructed a priori. Against this claim, I show that reductive explanation requires knowledge about the phenomena to be reduced which cannot be a priori extracted from microphysical information alone. Such reductions proceed in two steps: a “reductionR0” (“role-occupant”) establishes that a macroproperty M plays a certain causal role (specified in macro-terms), while a “reductionMM ” (“micro-macro”) establishes that some microproperty gives rise to M.

Résumé

Selon une thèse importante, il est en principe possible de déduire de manière a priori la plupart des vérités macroscopiques d'une (hypothétique) description complète du monde en termes microphysiques P et done de construire des explications réductrices a priori. Contre cette thèse, je montre que l'explication réductrice requiert des informations sur les phénomènes à réduire qui nepeuventpas être extraites a priori des seules informations microphysiques. De telles réductions ont deux parties : une «réductionRO » («rôle-occupant») établit qu'une macropropriété M.joue un rôle causal spécifié en termes macroscopiques, alors qu'une «réductionMM» («micro-macro») montre qu'une micropropriété donne lieu à M.

Type
Articles
Information
Dialogue: Canadian Philosophical Review / Revue canadienne de philosophie , Volume 44 , Issue 2 , Spring 2005 , pp. 225 - 248
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Philosophical Association 2005

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