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Trait neuroticism and emotion neurocircuitry: Functional magnetic resonance imaging evidence for a failure in emotion regulation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 June 2019

Merav H. Silverman ,
Sylia Wilson ,
Ian S. Ramsay ,
Ruskin H. Hunt ,
Kathleen M. Thomas ,
Robert F. Krueger  and
William G. Iacono
Merav H. Silverman*
Affiliation:
Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA
Sylia Wilson
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
Ian S. Ramsay
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
Ruskin H. Hunt
Affiliation:
Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
Kathleen M. Thomas
Affiliation:
Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
Robert F. Krueger
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
William G. Iacono
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
*
Author for Correspondence: Merav H. Silverman, Minneapolis VA Healthcare System, 1 Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN 55417; E-mail: [email protected].
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Abstract

Though theory suggests that individual differences in neuroticism (a tendency to experience negative emotions) would be associated with altered functioning of the amygdala (which has been linked with emotionality and emotion dysregulation in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood), results of functional neuroimaging studies have been contradictory and inconclusive. We aimed to clarify the relationship between neuroticism and three hypothesized neural markers derived from functional magnetic resonance imaging during negative emotion face processing: amygdala activation, amygdala habituation, and amygdala-prefrontal connectivity, each of which plays an important role in the experience and regulation of emotions. We used general linear models to examine the relationship between trait neuroticism and the hypothesized neural markers in a large sample of over 500 young adults. Although neuroticism was not significantly associated with magnitude of amygdala activation or amygdala habituation, it was associated with amygdala–ventromedial prefrontal cortex connectivity, which has been implicated in emotion regulation. Results suggest that trait neuroticism may represent a failure in top-down control and regulation of emotional reactions, rather than overactive emotion generation processes, per se. These findings suggest that neuroticism, which has been associated with increased rates of transdiagnostic psychopathology, may represent a failure in the inhibitory neurocircuitry associated with emotion regulation.

Keywords

amygdalaemotion dysregulationfunctional magnetic resonance imagingnegative emotion processingneuroticism
Type
Special Issue Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 31 , Special Issue 3: Emotion Dysregulation and Emerging Psychopathology , August 2019 , pp. 1085 - 1099
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019 

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