Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-grxwn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-12T11:36:00.089Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Chronic illness in childhood and early adolescence: A longitudinal exploration of co-occurring mental illness

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 May 2020

Ann Marie Brady Open the ORCID record for Ann Marie Brady [Opens in a new window] ,
Jessica Deighton  and
Stephen Stansfeld
Ann Marie Brady*
Affiliation:
Centre for Psychiatry, Bart's and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
Jessica Deighton
Affiliation:
Evidence Based Practice Unit, Anna Freud Centre, University College London, London, UK
Stephen Stansfeld
Affiliation:
Centre for Psychiatry, Bart's and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
*
Author for correspondence: Ann Marie Brady, Centre for Psychiatry, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Charterhouse Square, LondonEC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom; E-mail: [email protected].
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Chronic health conditions are hypothesized to disrupt the typical trajectory of child and adolescent development, and subsequently lead to increased levels of mental illness. However, due to methodological limitations in existing studies, this theory remains to be fully substantiated by empirical research. This study aimed to more thoroughly test hypotheses in the field. This study used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children to examine the co-occurrence of mental illness among children with chronic illness in late childhood into early adolescence and explore mediating factors in these outcomes. Children with chronic health problems presented with a disproportionate rate of psychiatric illness at 10 years, and these chronic health problems continued to be associated with poor mental health outcomes at 13 years and 15 years. These outcomes were mediated by high levels of peer victimization and health-related school absenteeism. This study suggests that chronic illness may impact on functioning and social development in early adolescence, and consequently lead to increased rates of mental illness. Examining rates of school absenteeism and peer victimization may be key to identifying children at risk over time.

Keywords

chronic illnessearly adolescencemediationmental illnesspeer victimizationschool
Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 33 , Issue 3 , August 2021 , pp. 885 - 898
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Austin, J. K., Perkins, S. M., Johnson, C. S., Fastenau, P. S., Byars, A. W., & Dunn, D. W. (2011). Behavior problems in children at time of first recognized seizure and changes over the following 3 years. Epilepsy & Behavior, 21, 373–381. doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2011.05.028CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bennett, D. S. (1994). Depression among children with chronic medical problems: A meta-analysis. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 19, 149–169. doi:10.1093/jpepsy/19.2.149CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blakemore, S. J. (2008). The social brain in adolescence. Nature Reviews: Neuroscience, 9, 267–277.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boyd, A., Golding, J., Macleod, J., Lawlor, D. A., Fraser, A., Henderson, J., . . . Smith, G. D. (2012). Cohort profile: The “Children of the 90s”—The index offspring of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. International Journal of Epidemiology, 42, 111–127. doi:10.1093/ije/dys064CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brady, A. M., Deighton, J., & Stansfeld, S. A. (2017). Psychiatric outcomes associated with chronic illness in adolescence: A systematic review, Journal of Adolescence, 59, 112–123. doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2017.05.014CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cornish, R. P., Henderson, J., Boyd, A. W., Granell, R., Van Staa, T., & Macleod, J. (2014). Validating childhood asthma in an epidemiological study using linked electronic patient records. British Medical Journal Open, 4, e005345. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005345Google Scholar
Department for Work and Pensions England. (2016). Households below average income: An analysis of the income distribution 1994/95 to 2014/15. Retrieved from https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/532416/households-below-average-income-1994-1995-2014-2015.pdfGoogle Scholar
Department of Health England and Wales. (2012). Long-term conditions compendium of information (3rd ed.). Retrieved from https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/216528/dh_134486.pdfGoogle Scholar
Eiser, C. (1993). Growing up with a chronic disease: The impact on children and their families. London: Jessica Kingsley.Google Scholar
Ford, T., Goodman, R., & Meltzer, H. (2003). The British Child and Adolescent Mental Health Survey 1999: The prevalence of DSM-IV disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 42, 1203–1211. doi:10.1097/00004583-200310000-00011CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fraser, A., Macdonald-Wallis, C., Tilling, K., Boyd, A., Golding, J., Smith, G. D., . . . Ness, A. (2013). Cohort profile: The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children: ALSPAC mothers cohort. International Journal of Epidemiology, 42, 97–110. doi:10.1093/ije/dys066CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Geist, R., Grdisa, V., & Otley, A. (2003). Psychosocial issues in the child with chronic conditions. Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology, 17, 141–152. doi:10.1016/S1521-6918(02)00142-7CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goodman, R., Ford, T., Richards, H., Gatward, R., & Meltzer, H. (2000). The Development and Well-Being Assessment: Description and initial validation of an integrated assessment of child and adolescent psychopathology. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 41, 645–655. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2000.tb02345.xCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Henje Blom, E., Ho, T. C., Connolly, C. G., LeWinn, K. Z., Sacchet, M. D., Tymofiyeva, O., . . . Yang, T. T. (2016). The neuroscience and context of adolescent depression. Acta Paediatrica, 105, 358–365. doi:10.1111/apa.13299CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Holme, A. R., Blair, P. S., & Emond, A. M. (2013). Psychosocial and educational outcomes of weight faltering in infancy in ALSPAC. British Medical Journal Open, 3, e002863. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2013-002863Google ScholarPubMed
Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1–55. doi:10.1080/10705519909540118CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jaffee, S. R., Moffitt, T. E., Caspi, A., Fombonne, E., Poulton, R., & Martin, J. (2002). Differences in early childhood risk factors for juvenile-onset and adult-onset depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 59, 215–222. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.59.3.215CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kearney, C. A. (2008). School absenteeism and school refusal behavior in youth: A contemporary review. Clinical Psychology Review, 28, 451–471. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2007.07.012CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lavigne, J. V., & Faier-Routman, J. (1992). Psychological adjustment to pediatric physical disorders: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 17, 133–157. doi:10.1093/jpepsy/17.2.133CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lereya, S. T., Copeland, W. E., Costello, E. J., & Wolke, D. (2015). Adult mental health consequences of peer bullying and maltreatment in childhood: Two cohorts in two countries. Lancet Psychiatry, 2, 524–531. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(15)00165-0CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marmot, M. G., Kogevinas, M., & Elston, M. A. (1987). Social-economic status and disease. Annual Review of Public Health, 8, 111–135. doi:10.1146/annurev.pu.08.050187.000551CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McClellan, C. B., & Cohen, L. L. (2007). Family functioning in children with chronic illness compared with healthy controls: A critical review. Journal of Pediatrics, 150, 221–223. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2006.11.063CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meltzer, H., Gatward, R., Goodman, R., & Ford, T. (2000). The mental health of children and adolescents in Great Britain. London: Stationery Office.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Michaud, P. A., Surís, J.-C., & Viner, R. (2007). The adolescent with a chronic condition: Epidemiology, developmental issues and health care provision. Geneva: World Health Organization.Google Scholar
Naylor, C., Das, P., Ross, S., Honeyman, M., Thompson, J., & Gilburt, H. (2016). Bringing together physical and mental health: A new frontier for integrated care. Retrieved from https://www.kingsfund.org.uk/sites/files/kf/field/field_publication_file/Bringing-together-Kings-Fund-March-2016_1.pdfGoogle Scholar
Naylor, C., Parsonage, M., McDaid, D., Knapp, M., Fossey, M., & Galea, A. (2012). Long-term conditions and mental health: The cost of co-morbidities. Retrieved from https://www.kingsfund.org.uk/sites/files/kf/field/field_publication_file/long-term-conditions-mental-health-cost-comorbidities-naylor-feb12.pdfGoogle Scholar
Nelson, E. E., Leibenluft, E., McClure, E. B., & Pine, D. S. (2005). The social re-orientation of adolescence: A neuroscience perspective on the process and its relation to psychopathology. Psychological Medicine, 35, 163–174. doi:10.1017/S0033291704003915CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Newacheck, P. W., & Taylor, W. R. (1992). Childhood chronic illness: Prevalence, severity, and impact. American Journal of Public Health, 82, 364–371. doi:10.2105/AJPH.82.3.364CrossRefGoogle Scholar
NHS England. (2014). Model child and adolescent mental health specification for targeted and specialist services (Tiers 2 and 3). Retrieved from https://www.england.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/mod-camhs-tier-2-3-spec.pdfGoogle Scholar
Patton, G. C., & Viner, R. (2007). Pubertal transitions in health. Lancet, 369, 1130–1139. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60366-3CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pinquart, M., & Shen, Y. (2011a). Anxiety in children and adolescents with chronic physical illnesses: A meta-analysis. Acta Paediatrica, 100, 1069–1076. doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsq104CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pinquart, M., & Shen, Y. (2011b). Behavior problems in children and adolescents with chronic physical illness: A meta-analysis. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 36, 1003–1016. doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsr042CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pinquart, M., & Shen, Y. (2011c). Depressive symptoms in children and adolescents with chronic physical illness: An updated meta-analysis. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 36, 375–384. doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.2011.02223.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sawyer, S. M., Drew, S., Yeo, M. S., & Britto, M. T. (2007). Adolescents with a chronic condition: Challenges living, challenges treating. Lancet, 369, 1481–1489. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60370-5CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sentenac, M., Arnaud, C., Gavin, A., Molcho, M., Gabhainn, S. N., & Godeau, E. (2012). Peer victimization among school-aged children with chronic conditions. Epidemiologic Reviews, 34, 120–128. doi:10.1093/epirev/mxr024CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Singh, S. P., Winsper, C., Wolke, D., & Bryson, A. (2014). School Mobility and Prospective Pathways to Psychotic-Like Symptoms in Early Adolescence: A prospective birth cohort study. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 53, 518–527. doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2014.01.016CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stam, H., Hartman, E. E., Deurloo, J. A., Groothoff, J., & Grootenhuis, M. A. (2006). Young adult patients with a history of pediatric disease: Impact on course of life and transition into adulthood. Journal of Adolescent Health, 39, 4–13. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2005.03.011CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stattin, H., & Kerr, M. (2000). Parental monitoring: A reinterpretation. Child Development, 71, 1072–1085. doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00210CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stein, R. E., & Jessop, D. J. (1982). A noncategorical approach to chronic childhood illness. Public Health Reports, 97, 354.Google ScholarPubMed
Taylor, R. M., Gibson, F., & Franck, L. S. (2008). The experience of living with a chronic illness during adolescence: A critical review of the literature. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 17, 3082–3091. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02629.xCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
van Gent, R., van Essen-Zandvliet, E. E., Klijn, P., Brackel, H. J., Kimpen, J. L., & van Der Ent, C. K. (2008). Participation in daily life of children with asthma. Journal of Asthma, 45, 807–813. doi:10.1080/02770900802311477CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weitzman, M. (1986). School absence rates as outcome measures in studies of children with chronic illness. Journal of Chronic Diseases, 39, 799–808. doi:10.1016/0021-9681(86)90082-2CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wickrama, K. A., Noh, S., & Elder, G. H. (2009). An investigation of family SES-based inequalities in depressive symptoms from early adolescence to emerging adulthood. Advances in Life Course Research, 14, 147–161. doi:10.1016/j.alcr.2010.04.001CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Williams, P. G., Holmbeck, G. N., & Greenley, R. N. (2002). Adolescent health psychology. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 70, 828. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.70.3.828CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wolke, D., Waylen, A., Samara, M., Steer, C., Goodman, R., Ford, T., & Lamberts, K. (2009). Selective drop-out in longitudinal studies and non-biased prediction of behaviour disorders. British Journal of Psychiatry, 195, 249–256. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.108.053751CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wolke, D., Woods, S., Stanford, K., & Schulz, H. (2001). Bullying and victimization of primary school children in England and Germany: Prevalence and school factors. British Journal of Psychology, 92, 673–696. doi:10.1348/000712601162CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Supplementary material: File

Brady et al. supplementary material

Brady et al. supplementary material 1

Download Brady et al. supplementary material(File)
File 48.5 KB
Supplementary material: File

Brady et al. supplementary material

Brady et al. supplementary material 2

Download Brady et al. supplementary material(File)
File 33.5 KB