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Differential susceptibility effects of oxytocin gene (OXT) polymorphisms and perceived parenting on social anxiety among adolescents

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 June 2017

Susanne Olofsdotter ,
Cecilia Åslund ,
Tomas Furmark ,
Erika Comasco  and
Kent W. Nilsson
Susanne Olofsdotter*
Affiliation:
Uppsala University
Cecilia Åslund
Affiliation:
Uppsala University
Tomas Furmark
Affiliation:
Uppsala University
Erika Comasco
Affiliation:
Uppsala University
Kent W. Nilsson
Affiliation:
Uppsala University
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Susanne Olofsdotter, Center for Clinical Research, Västmanland County Hospital, Västerås SE-721 89, Sweden; E-mail: [email protected].
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Abstract

Social anxiety is one of the most commonly reported mental health problems among adolescents, and it has been suggested that parenting style influences an adolescent's level of anxiety. A context-dependent effect of oxytocin on human social behavior has been proposed; however, research on the oxytocin gene (OXT) has mostly been reported without considering contextual factors. This study investigated the interactions between parenting style and polymorphic variations in the OXT gene in association with social anxiety symptoms in a community sample of adolescents (n = 1,359). Two single nucleotide polymorphisms linked to OXT, rs4813625 and rs2770378, were genotyped. Social anxiety and perceived parenting style were assessed by behavioral questionnaires. In interaction models adjusted for sex, significant interaction effects with parenting style were observed for both variants in relation to social anxiety. The nature of the interactions was in line with the differential susceptibility framework for rs4813625, whereas for rs2770378 the results indicated a diathesis–stress type of interaction. The findings may be interpreted from the perspective of the social salience hypothesis of oxytocin, with rs4813625 affecting social anxiety levels along a perceived unsafe–safe social context dimension.

Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 30 , Issue 2 , May 2018 , pp. 449 - 459
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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Footnotes

We are grateful to the adolescents and their parents, and to members and associates of the Centre for Clinical Research, Västerås, for taking part in this study. Grants from the following funds and organizations are acknowledged: Svenska Spel Research Council, the Uppsala and Örebro Regional Research Council (RFR-309941), the Fredrik and Ingrid Thurings Foundation, the County Council of Västmanland, the Söderström–König Foundation (SLS-559921), the Brain Foundation (F02015-0315), the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (FORTE 2015-00897), and Åke Wiberg's foundation (MI5-0239). Erika Comasco is a Marie Skłodowska Curie Fellow and received funds from the Swedish Research Council (VR 2015-00495) and EU FP7-People-Cofund (INCA 600398). The sponsors of the study had no role in the study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report.

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