Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7czq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-03T00:44:14.279Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A Comparison of the effects of preterm birth and institutional deprivation on child temperament

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 November 2019

Lucia Miranda Reyes Open the ORCID record for Lucia Miranda Reyes [Opens in a new window] ,
Julia Jaekel ,
Jana Kreppner ,
Dieter Wolke  and
Edmund Sonuga–Barke
Lucia Miranda Reyes*
Affiliation:
Department of Child & Family Studies, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
Julia Jaekel
Affiliation:
Department of Child & Family Studies, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, UK
Jana Kreppner
Affiliation:
Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, Department of Psychology, University of Southampton, UK
Dieter Wolke
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, UK
Edmund Sonuga–Barke
Affiliation:
Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
*
Author for Correspondence: Lucia Miranda Reyes, 115 Jessie Harris Building, 1215 W. Cumberland Ave., Knoxville, TN37996; E-mail: [email protected].
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Both preterm birth and early institutional deprivation are associated with neurodevelopmental impairment—with both shared and distinctive features. To explore shared underlying mechanisms, this study directly compared the effects of these putative risk factors on temperament profiles in six-year-olds: Children born very preterm (<32 weeks gestation) or at very low birthweight (<1500 g) from the Bavarian Longitudinal Study (n = 299); and children who experienced >6 months of deprivation in Romanian institutions from the English and Romanian Adoptees Study (n = 101). The former were compared with 311 healthy term born controls and the latter with 52 nondeprived adoptees. At 6 years, temperament was assessed via parent reports across 5 dimensions: effortful control, activity, shyness, emotionality, and sociability. Very preterm/very low birthweight and postinstitutionalized children showed similarly aberrant profiles in terms of lower effortful control, preterm = −0.50, 95% CI [−0.67, −0.33]; postinstitutionalized = −0.48, 95% CI [−0.82, −0.14], compared with their respective controls. Additionally, postinstitutionalized children showed higher activity, whereas very preterm/very low birthweight children showed lower shyness. Preterm birth and early institutionalization are similarly associated with poorer effortful control, which might contribute to long-term vulnerability. More research is needed to examine temperamental processes as common mediators of negative long-term outcomes following early adversity.

Keywords

behavior regulationearly adversityinstitutional deprivationpreterm birth
Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 32 , Special Issue 4: Conceptualizing and Interrogating Autism Spectrum Disorder from a Developmental Psychopathology Framework , October 2020 , pp. 1524 - 1533
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aarnoudse-Moens, C. S. H., Weisglas-Kuperus, N., van Goudoever, J. B., Oosterlaan, J. (2009). Meta-analysis of neurobehavioral outcomes in very preterm and/or very low birth weight children. Pediatrics, 124, 717–728. doi:10.1542/peds.2008-2816CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Anderson, P. J., & Doyle, L. W. (2004). Executive functioning in school-aged children who were born very preterm or with extremely low birth weight in the 1990s. Pediatrics, 114, 50–57. doi:10.1542/peds.114.1.50CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bauer, A. (1988). Ein Verfahren zur Messung des fuer das Bildungsverhalten relevanten Sozial Status (BRSS)—Ueberarbeitete Fassung [A measure assessing SES in Germany, revised version]. Frankffurt: Deutsches Institut fuer Internationale Paedagogische Forschung.Google Scholar
Bendersky, M., & Lewis, M. (1994). Environmental risk, biological risk, and developmental outcome. Developmental Psychology, 30, 484–494. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.30.4.484CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bos, K., Zeanah, C. H., Fox, N. A., Drury, S. S., McLaughlin, K. A., & Nelson, C. A. (2011). Psychiatric outcomes in young children with a history of institutionalization. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 19, 15–24. doi:10.3109/10673229.2011.549773CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Breeman, L., Jaekel, J., Baumann, N., Bartmann, P., & Wolke, D. (2016). Attention problems in very preterm children from childhood to adulthood: The Bavarian Longitudinal Study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57, 132–140. doi:10.1111/jcpp.12456CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Breeman, L. D., Jaekel, J., Baumann, N., Bartmann, P., & Wolke, D. (2015). Preterm cognitive function into adulthood. Pediatrics, 136, 415–423. doi:10.1542/peds.2015-0608CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bruce, J., Tarullo, A. R., & Gunnar, M. R. (2009). Disinhibited social behavior among internationally adopted children. Development and Psychopathology, 21, 157–171. doi:10.1017/S0954579409000108CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Buss, A. H., & Plomin, R. (1984). Temperament: Early developing personality traits. Hillsdale, N.J: L. Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Caspi, A., Houts, R. M., Belsky, D. W., Harrington, H., Hogan, S., Ramrakha, S., … Moffitt, T. E. (2017). Childhood forecasting of a small segment of the population with large economic burden. Nature Human Behaviour, 1, article 0005. doi:10.1038/s41562-016-0005CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Castle, J., Groothues, C., Bredenkamp, D., Beckett, C., O'Connor, T., & Rutter, M. (1999). Effects of qualities of early institutional care on cognitive attainment. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 69, 424–437. doi:10.1037/h0080391CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chawanpaiboon, S., Vogel, J. P., Moller, A.-B., Lumbiganon, P., Petzold, M., Hogan, D., … Gülmezoglu, A. M. (2019). Global, regional, and national estimates of levels of preterm birth in 2014: A systematic review and modelling analysis. The Lancet Global Health, 7, e37–e46. doi:10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30451-0CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cheong, J. L., Doyle, L. W., Burnett, A. C., Lee, K. J., Walsh, J. M., Potter, C. R., … Anderson, P. J. (2017). Association between moderate and late preterm birth and neurodevelopment and social-emotional development at age 2 years. JAMA Pediatrics, 171, e164805–e164805.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Davis, E. P., Glynn, L. M., Schetter, C. D., Hobel, C., Chicz-Demet, A., & Sandman, C. A. (2007). Prenatal exposure to maternal depression and cortisol influences infant temperament. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 46, 737–746. doi:10.1097/chi.0b013e318047b775CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Delobel-Ayoub, M., Kaminski, M., Marret, S., Burguet, A., Marchand, L., N′Guyen, S., … Larroque, B. (2006). Behavioral Outcome at 3 Years of Age in Very Preterm Infants: The EPIPAGE Study. Pediatrics, 117, 1996–2005.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Desplats, P. A. (2015). Perinatal programming of neurodevelopment: Epigenetic mechanisms and the prenatal shaping of the brain. Advances in Neurobiology, 10, 335–361. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1372-5_16CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Diamond, A., & Lee, K. (2011). Interventions shown to aid executive function development in children 4 to 12 years old. Science, 333, 959–964. doi:10.1126/science.1204529CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dillon, D. G., Holmes, A. J., Birk, J. L., Brooks, N., Lyons-Ruth, K., & Pizzagalli, D. A. (2009). Childhood adversity is associated with left basal ganglia dysfunction during reward anticipation in adulthood. Biological Psychiatry, 66, 206–213. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.02.019CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dong, M., Anda, R. F., Felitti, V. J., Dube, S. R., Williamson, D. F., Thompson, T. J., … Giles, W. H. (2004). The interrelatedness of multiple forms of childhood abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction. Child Abuse & Neglect, 28, 771–784. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2004.01.008CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Eryigit-Madzwamuse, S., Strauss, V., Baumann, N., Bartmann, P., & Wolke, D. (2015b). Personality of adults who were born very preterm. Archives of Disease in Childhood-Fetal and Neonatal Edition, 100, F524–F529. doi:10.1136/archdischild-2014-308007CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eryigit Madzwamuse, S., Baumann, N., Jaekel, J., Bartmann, P., & Wolke, D. (2015). Neuro-cognitive performance of very preterm or very low birth weight adults at 26 years. Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry, 56, 857–864. doi:10.1111/jcpp.12358CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gilman, S. E., Hornig, M., Ghassabian, A., Hahn, J., Cherkerzian, S., Albert, P. S., … Goldstein, J. M. (2017). Socioeconomic disadvantage, gestational immune activity, and neurodevelopment in early childhood. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114, 6728–6733. doi:10.1073/pnas.1617698114Google ScholarPubMed
Goldenberg, R. L., Culhane, J. F., Iams, J. D., & Romero, R. (2008). Epidemiology and causes of preterm birth. The Lancet, 371, 75–84. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60074-4CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Groh, A. M., Narayan, A. J., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., Roisman, G. I., Vaughn, B. E., Fearon, R. M., & Ijzendoorn, M. H. (2017). Attachment and temperament in the early life course: A meta-analytic review. Child Development, 88, 770–795. doi:10.1111/cdev.12677.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grunau, R. E. (2013). Neonatal pain in very preterm infants: Long-term effects on brain, neurodevelopment and pain reactivity. Rambam Maimonides Medical Journal, 4, e0025. doi:10.5041/RMMJ.10132.Google ScholarPubMed
Gunnar, M. R., & Van Dulmen, M. H. M. (2007). Behavior problems in postinstitutionalized internationally adopted children. Development and Psychopathology, 19, 129–148. doi:10.1017/S0954579407070071CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Henrichs, J., & Van den Bergh, B. R. H. (2015). Perinatal developmental origins of self-regulation. In Gendolla, G. H. E., Tops, M., & Koole, S. L. (Eds.), Handbook of Biobehavioral Approaches to Self-Regulation (pp. 349–370). New York, NY: Springer.Google Scholar
Heuser, K. M., Jaekel, J., & Wolke, D. (2018). Origins and predictors of friendships in 6- to 8-year-old children born at neonatal risk. The Journal of Pediatrics, 193, 93–105. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.09.072CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hughes, M. B., Shults, J., McGrath, J., & Medoff-Cooper, B. (2002). Temperament Characteristics of Premature Infants in the First Year of Life. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, 23, 430–435.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Humphreys, K. L., & Zeanah, C. H. (2015). Deviations from the expectable environment in early childhood and emerging psychopathology. Neuropsychopharmacology, 40, 154–170. doi:10.1038/npp.2014.165CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jaekel, J., Eryigit-Madzwamuse, S., & Wolke, D. (2016). Preterm toddlers’ inhibitory control abilities predict attention regulation and academic achievement at age 8 years. The Journal of Pediatrics, 169, 87–92.e1. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.10.029CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jaekel, J., Pluess, M., Belsky, J., & Wolke, D. (2015). Effects of maternal sensitivity on low birth weight children's academic achievement: A test of differential susceptibility versus diathesis stress. Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry, 56, 693–701. doi:10.1111/jcpp.12331CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jaekel, J., Wolke, D., & Bartmann, P. (2013). Poor attention rather than hyperactivity/impulsivity predicts academic achievement in very preterm and full-term adolescents. Psychological Medicine, 43, 183–96. doi:10.1017/S0033291712001031CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jaekel, J., Wolke, D., & Chernova, J. (2012). Mother and child behaviour in very preterm and term dyads at 6 and 8 years. Child Development Perspectives, 6, 716–723.Google Scholar
Johnson, S., & Wolke, D. (2013). Behavioural outcomes and psychopathology during adolescence. Early Human Development, 89, 199–207. doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2013.01.014CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kennedy, M., Kreppner, J., Knights, N., Kumsta, R., Maughan, B., Golm, D., … Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S. (2016). Early severe institutional deprivation is associated with a persistent variant of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Clinical presentation, developmental continuities and life circumstances in the English and Romanian Adoptees study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57, 1113–1125. doi:10.1111/jcpp.12576CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kreppner, J. M., O'Connor, T. G., Dunn, J., & Andersen-Wood, L. (1999). The pretend and social role play of children exposed to early severe deprivation. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 17, 319–332. doi:10.1348/026151099165302CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kreppner, J. M., O'connor, T. G., Rutter, M., & the English and Romanian Adoptees Team. (2001). Can inattention/overactivity be an institutional deprivation syndrome? Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 29, 513–528.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kreppner, J. M., Rutter, M., Beckett, C., Castle, J., Colvert, E., Groothues, C., … Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S. (2007). Normality and impairment following profound early institutional deprivation: A longitudinal follow-up into early adolescence. Developmental Psychology, 43, 931–946. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.43.4.93CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kumsta, R., Kreppner, J. M., Rutter, M., Beckett, C., Castle, J., Stevens, S., & Sonuga-Barke, E. J. III (2010). Deprivation-specific psychological patterns. Monographs of the Society For Research in Child Development, 75, 48–78. 10.1111/j.1540-5834.2010.00550.xCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lewis, A. J., Austin, E., Knapp, R., Vaiano, T., & Galbally, M. (2015). Perinatal maternal mental health, fetal programming and child development. Healthcare, 3, 1212–1227. doi:10.3390/healthcare3041212CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lindström, K., Lindblad, F., & Hjern, A. (2011). Preterm birth and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in schoolchildren. Pediatrics, 127, 858–865. doi:10.1542/peds.2010-1279CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Linsell, L., Malouf, R., Morris, J., Kurinczuk, J. J., & Marlow, N. (2015). Prognostic factors for poor cognitive development in children born very preterm or with very low birth weight: A systematic review. JAMA Pediatrics, 169, 1162–1172. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.2175CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Martel, M. M., & Nigg, J. T. (2006). Child ADHD and personality/temperament traits of reactive and effortful control, resiliency, and emotionality. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47, 1175–1183. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01629.xCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mathiesen, K. S., & Tambs, K. (1999). The EAS Temperament Questionnaire—Factor structure, age trends, reliability, and stability in a Norwegian sample. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 40, 431–439. doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00460CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCall, R. B. (2013). The consequences of early institutionalization: Can institutions be improved?-should they? Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 18, 193–201. doi:10.1111/camh.12025Google Scholar
McCrory, E. J., Gerin, M. I., & Viding, E. (2017). Annual research review: Childhood maltreatment, latent vulnerability and the shift to preventative psychiatry–the contribution of functional brain imaging. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58, 338–357. doi:10.1111/jcpp.12713CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McLaughlin, K. A., Sheridan, M. A., & Lambert, H. K. (2014). Childhood adversity and neural development: Deprivation and threat as distinct dimensions of early experience. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 47, 578–591. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.10.012CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mehta, M. A., Gore-Langton, E., Golembo, N., Colvert, E., Williams, S. C. R., & Sonuga-Barke, E. (2010). Hyporesponsive reward anticipation in the basal ganglia following severe institutional deprivation early in life. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 22, 2316–2325. doi:10.1162/jocn.2009.21394CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Milgrom, J., Newnham, C., Anderson, P. J., Doyle, L. W., Gemmill, A. W., Lee, K., … Inder, T. (2010). Early sensitivity training for parents of preterm infants: Impact on the developing brain. Pediatric Research, 67, 330–335. doi:10.1203/PDR.0b013e3181cb8e2fCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moffitt, T. E., Arseneault, L., Belsky, D., Dickson, N., Hancox, R. J., Harrington, H., … Sears, M. R. (2011). A gradient of childhood self-control predicts health, wealth, and public safety. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108, 2693–2698. doi:10.1073/pnas.1010076108CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Montagna, A., & Nosarti, C. (2016). Socio-emotional development following very preterm birth: Pathways to psychopathology. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 1–23. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00080CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Morrison, L. (2004). Ceausescu's legacy: Family struggles and institutionalization of children in Romania. Journal of Family History, 29, 168–182. doi:10.1177/0363199004264899CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Narberhaus, A., Segarra, D., Caldú, X., Giménez, M., Junqué, C., Pueyo, R., & Botet, F. (2007). Gestational age at preterm birth in relation to corpus callosum and general cognitive outcome in adolescents. Journal of Child Neurology, 22, 761–765. doi:10.1177/0883073807304006CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nigg, J. T. (2006). Temperament and developmental psychopathology. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47, 395–422. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01612.xCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Piquero, A. R., Jennings, W. G., & Farrington, D. P. (2010). On the malleability of self-control: Theoretical and policy implications regarding a general theory of crime. Justice Quarterly, 27, 803–834. doi:10.1080/07418820903379628CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pyhälä, R., Räikkönen, K., Pesonen, A.-K., Heinonen, K., Hovi, P., Eriksson, J. G., … Kajantie, E. (2009). Behavioral inhibition and behavioral approach in young adults with very low birth weight—The Helsinki study of very low birth weight adults. Personality and Individual Differences, 46, 106–110. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2008.09.013CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Räisänen, S., Gissler, M., Saari, J., Kramer, M., & Heinonen, S. (2013). Contribution of risk factors to extremely, very and moderately preterm births–register-based analysis of 1,390,742 singleton births. PLoS One, 8, e60660. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0060660CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rathbone, R., Counsell, S. J., Kapellou, O., Dyet, L., Kennea, N., Hajnal, J., … Edwards, A. D. (2011). Perinatal cortical growth and childhood neurocognitive abilities. Neurology, 77, 1510–1517. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e318233b215CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reyes, L. M, Jaekel, J., & Wolke, D. (2019). Effects of preterm birth and early parenting on social inhibition at age six years. Children, 6, E81. doi:10.3390/children6070081CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ritchie, K., Bora, S., & Woodward, L. J. (2015). Social development of children born very preterm: A systematic review. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 57, 899–918. doi:10.1111/dmcn.12783CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rothbart, M. K. (2007). Temperament, development, and personality. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 16, 207–212. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8721.2007.00505.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roy, P., Rutter, M., & Pickles, A. (2004). Institutional care: Associations between overactivity and lack of selectivity in social relationships. Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry & Allied Disciplines, 45, 866–873. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00278.xCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rutter, M. (1998). Developmental catch-up, and deficit, following adoption after severe global early privation. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 39, 465–476. doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00343CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rutter, M., Colvert, E., Kreppner, J., Beckett, C., Castle, J., Groothues, C., … Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S. (2007). Early adolescent outcomes for institutionally-deprived and non-deprived adoptees. I: Disinhibited attachment. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48, 17–30. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01688.xCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rutter, M., Sonuga-Barke, E. J., & Castle, J. (2010). I. Investigating the impact of early institutional deprivation on development: Background and research strategy of the English and Romanian Adoptees (ERA) study. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 75, 1–20. doi:10.1111/j.1540-5834.2010.00548.xCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Saudino, K. J. (2005). Behavioral genetics and child temperament. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 26, 214–223.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schmidt, L. A., Miskovic, V., Boyle, M. H., & Saigal, S. (2008). Shyness and timidity in young adults who were born at extremely low birth weight. Pediatrics, 122, e181–e187. doi:10.1542/peds.2007-3747CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Seifer, R., Sameroff, A., Dickstein, S., Schiller, M., & Hayden, L. C. (2004). Your own children are special: Clues to the sources of reporting bias in temperament assessments. Infant Behavior and Development, 27, 323–341. doi:10.1016/j.infbeh.2003.12.005CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shiner, R. L., Buss, K. A., Mcclowry, S. G., Putnam, S. P., Saudino, K. J., & Zentner, M. (2012). What is temperament now? Assessing progress in temperament research on the twenty-fifth anniversary of Goldsmith et al., 1987. Child Development Perspectives, 6, 436–444.Google Scholar
Sonuga-Barke, E. J. (2003). The dual pathway model of AD/HD: An elaboration of neuro-developmental characteristics. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 27, 593–604. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2003.08.005CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sonuga-Barke, E. J. (2005). Causal models of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: From common simple deficits to multiple developmental pathways. Biological Psychiatry, 57, 1231–1238. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.09.008CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sonuga-Barke, E. J., Kennedy, M., Kumsta, R., Knights, N., Golm, D., Rutter, M., … Kreppner, J. (2017). Child-to-adult neurodevelopmental and mental health trajectories after early life deprivation: The young adult follow-up of the longitudinal English and Romanian Adoptees study. The Lancet, 389, 1539–1548. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30045-4CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sonuga-Barke, E. J., Schlotz, W., & Kreppner, J. (2010). Differentiating developmental trajectories for conduct, emotion, and peer problems following early deprivation. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 75, 102–124. doi:10.1111/j.1540-5834.2010.00552.xCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stevens, S. E., Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S., Kreppner, J. M., Beckett, C., Castle, J., Colvert, E., … Rutter, M. (2008). Inattention/overactivity following early severe institutional deprivation: Presentation and associations in early adolescence. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 36, 385–398. doi:10.1007/s10802-007-9185-5CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tarullo, A. R., Bruce, J., & Gunnar, M. R. (2007). False belief and emotion understanding in post-institutionalized children. Social Development, 16, 57–78. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9507.2007.00372.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Lieshout, R. J., Boyle, M. H., Favotto, L., Krzeczkowski, J. E., Savoy, C., Saigal, S., & Schmidt, L. A. (2018). Impact of extremely low-birth-weight status on risk and resilience for depression and anxiety in adulthood. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59, 596–603. doi:10.1111/jcpp.12826CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Volpe, J. J. (2009). Brain injury in premature infants: A complex amalgam of destructive and developmental disturbances. The Lancet Neurology, 8, 110–124. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70294-1CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wachs, T. D., Pollitt, E., Cueto, S., Jacoby, E., & Creed-Kanashiro, H. (2005). Relation of neonatal iron status to individual variability in neonatal temperament. Developmental Psychobiology, 46, 141–153. doi:10.1002/dev.20049CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Williamson, K. E., & Jakobson, L. S. (2014). Social attribution skills of children born preterm at very low birth weight. Development and Psychopathology, 26, 889–900. doi:10.1017/S0954579414000522CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wolke, D. (2018). Commentary: Preterm birth: High vulnerability and no resiliency? Reflections on van Lieshout et al (2018). Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59, 1210–1204. doi:10.1111/jcpp.12971CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolke, D., Baumann, N., Strauss, V., Johnson, S., & Marlow, N. (2015). Bullying of preterm children and emotional problems at school age: Cross-culturally invariant effects. The Journal of Pediatrics, 166, 1417–1422. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.02.055CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wolke, D., Jaekel, J., Hall, J., & Baumann, N. (2013). Effects of sensitive parenting on the academic resilience of very preterm and very low birth weight adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health, 53, 642–647. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.06.014CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Woodward, L. J., Moor, S., Hood, K. M., Champion, P. R., Foster-Cohen, S., Inder, T. E., & Austin, N. C. (2009). Very preterm children show impairments across multiple neurodevelopmental domains by age 4 years. Archives of Disease in Childhood-Fetal and Neonatal Edition. 94, F339–F344. doi:10.1136/adc.2008.146282CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Supplementary material: File

Reyes et al. supplementary material

Appendix

Download Reyes et al. supplementary material(File)
File 20.6 KB