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Prevalence of suicide attempt and clinical characteristics of suicide attempters with obsessive-compulsive disorder: a report from the International College of Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (ICOCS)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 March 2017

Bernardo Dell’Osso ,
Beatrice Benatti ,
Chiara Arici ,
Carlotta Palazzo ,
A. Carlo Altamura ,
Eric Hollander ,
Naomi Fineberg ,
Dan J. Stein ,
Humberto Nicolini  and
Nuria Lanzagorta
...Show all authors
Bernardo Dell’Osso*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
Beatrice Benatti
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
Chiara Arici
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
Carlotta Palazzo
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
A. Carlo Altamura
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
Eric Hollander
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
Naomi Fineberg
Affiliation:
Mental Health Unit, Hertfordshire Partnership Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth II Hospital, Welwyn Garden City, United Kingdom
Dan J. Stein
Affiliation:
MRC Unit on Anxiety and Stress Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Humberto Nicolini
Affiliation:
Genomics of Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico Carracci Medical Group, Mexico City, Mexico
Nuria Lanzagorta
Affiliation:
Carracci Medical Group, Mexico City, Mexico
Donatella Marazziti
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Psichiatria, Neurobiologia, Farmacologia e Biotechnologie, Università di Pisa, Italy
Stefano Pallanti
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Florence, and Institute of Neurosciences, Florence, Italy
Michael van Ameringen
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
Christine Lochner
Affiliation:
MRC Unit on Anxiety and Stress Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa
Oguz Karamustafalioglu
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Sisli Eftal Teaching and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
Luchezar Hranov
Affiliation:
University Multiprofile Hospital for Active Treatment in Neurology and Psychiatry Sveti Naum, Sofia, Bulgaria
Martijn Figee
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Lynne Drummond
Affiliation:
National and Trustwide Services for OCD/BDD, SW London and St. George’s, National Health Service Trust, London, United Kingdom
Carolyn I. Rodriguez
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
John Grant
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Illinois, USA
Damiaan Denys
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Jose M. Menchon
Affiliation:
Psychiatry Unit at the Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, Cibersam, Barcelona, Spain
Joseph Zohar
Affiliation:
Tel Aviv University, Sackler School of Medicine, Israel Post-Trauma Center, Research Foundation by the Sheba Medical Center, Israel
*
*Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Bernardo Dell’Osso, Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico–Milano, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milano, Italy. (Email: [email protected])
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Abstract

Objective

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with variable risk of suicide and prevalence of suicide attempt (SA). The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of SA and associated sociodemographic and clinical features in a large international sample of OCD patients.

Methods

A total of 425 OCD outpatients, recruited through the International College of Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (ICOCS) network, were assessed and categorized in groups with or without a history of SA, and their sociodemographic and clinical features compared through Pearson’s chi-squared and t tests. Logistic regression was performed to assess the impact of the collected data on the SA variable.

Results

14.6% of our sample reported at least one SA during their lifetime. Patients with an SA had significantly higher rates of comorbid psychiatric disorders (60 vs. 17%, p<0.001; particularly tic disorder), medical disorders (51 vs. 15%, p<0.001), and previous hospitalizations (62 vs. 11%, p<0.001) than patients with no history of SA. With respect to geographical differences, European and South African patients showed significantly higher rates of SA history (40 and 39%, respectively) compared to North American and Middle-Eastern individuals (13 and 8%, respectively) (χ2=11.4, p<0.001). The logistic regression did not show any statistically significant predictor of SA among selected independent variables.

Conclusions

Our international study found a history of SA prevalence of ~15% in OCD patients, with higher rates of psychiatric and medical comorbidities and previous hospitalizations in patients with a previous SA. Along with potential geographical influences, the presence of the abovementioned features should recommend additional caution in the assessment of suicide risk in OCD patients.

Keywords

Obsessive-compulsive disordersuicide attemptprevalencecomorbidityhospitalization
Type
Original Research
Information
CNS Spectrums , Volume 23 , Issue 1 , February 2018 , pp. 59 - 66
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2017 

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Footnotes

This research was supported by the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ECNP) Research Networks Initiative.

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