Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-4rdpn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T10:31:03.750Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Brain-Immune Interactions in Neuropsychiatry: Highlights of the Basic Science and Relevance to Pathogenic Factors and Epiphenomena

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 November 2014

John M. Petitto ,
Martin J. Repetto  and
David A. Hartemink
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Unraveling the significant complexity of brain-immune interactions could provide essential new insights and potential treatment considerations for the clinical neurosciences. Despite considerable research relating immunological changes to major neuropsychiatric disorders, it has been difficult to establish that immunological processes are involved in the development of central nervous system pathology associated with these disorders. This brief article highlights some of the landmark basic studies and seeks to convey essential principles guiding research in brain-immune interactions. Research in this area often incorporates several disciplines, ranging from psychology and neuroscience to immunology and molecular genetics. The clinical implications of this area of research are discussed, with emphasis on the challenge of disentangling pathogenic factors and valid markers of disease from epiphenomena.

Type
Feature Article
Information
CNS Spectrums , Volume 6 , Issue 5: Neuroimmunology , May 2001 , pp. 383 - 391
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2001

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1.Solomon, GF, Levine, S, Kraft, JK. Early experience and immunity. Nature. 1968;220:821–822.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
2.Stein, M, Schiavi, RC, Luparello, TJ. The hypothalamus and immune process. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1969;164(2):464–472.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3.Ader, R, Cohen, N. Behaviorally conditioned immuno-suppression. Psychosom Med. 1975;37:333–340.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4.Ader, R, Cohen, N. Behaviorally conditioned immuno-suppression and murine systemic lupus erythematosus. Science. 1982;215:1534–1536CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5.Felten, DL, Felten, SY. Immune interactions with specific neural structures. Brain Behav Immun. 1987;1:287–289.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6.Dunn, AJ. Interactions between the nervous system and the immune system: implications for psychopharmacology. In Bloom, FE, Kupfer, DJ, eds. Psychopharmacology: The Fourth Generation of Progress. New York, NY: Raven Press; 1995:719.Google Scholar
7.Cupps, TR, Fauci, AS. Corticosteroid-mediated immunoregulation in man. Immunol Rev. 1982;65:133–155.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8.Miller, AH, Spencer, RL, McEwen, BS, Stein, M. Depression, adrenal steroids, and the immune system. Ann Med. 1993;25:481.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9.Ottaway, CA, Husband, HA. Central nervous system influence of lymphoid migration. Brain Behavior Immun. 1992;6:97–116.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10.Lysle, DT, Coussons-Read, ME. Mechanisms of conditioned immunomodulation. Int J Immunopharmacol. 1995;17:641–647CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11.Irwin, M, Hauger, R, Jones, L, Provencio, M, Britton, K. Sympathetic nervous system mediates central corticotropin releasing factor induced suppression of natural killer cytotoxicity. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1990;255:101–107.Google ScholarPubMed
12.Besedovsky, HO, del Rev, A, Klusman, I, et al.Cytokines as modulators of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1991;40:613–618.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13.Blalock, JE. The syntax of immune-neuroendocrine communications. Immunol Today. 1994;15:504–511.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14.Pelitto, JM, Huang, Z, McCarthy, B. Molecular cloning of NPY-Y1 receptor cDNA from rat splenic lymphocytes: evidence of low levels of mRNA expression and [125I]NPY binding sites. J Neuroimmunol. 1994;54:81–86.Google Scholar
15.Maier, SF, Watkins, LR. Cytokines for psychologists: Implications of bidirectional immune-to-brain communication for understanding behavior, mood and cognition. Psychol Rev. 1998;105:83.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
16.Dantzer, R, Bluthe, RM, Gheusi, G, et al.Molecular basis of sickness behavior. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1998;856:132–138.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
17.Petitto, JM. Behavioral genetics and immunity. In Ader, R, Felten, DL, and Cohen, R, eds. Psychoneuroimmunology, Third Edition. Academic Press; 2001:173–186.Google Scholar
18.Kadotani, H, Faraco, J, Mignot, E. Genetic studies in the sleep disorder narcolepsy. Genome Res. 1998;8:427–434.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19.Apanius, V, Penn, D, Slev, PR, Ruff, LR, Potts, WK. The nature of selection on the major histocombatibility complex. Crit Rev Immunol. 1997;17:179–224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20.Petitto, JM, McNamara, R, Gendreau, PL, Huang, Z, Jackson, A. Impaired learning and memory and altered hippocampal neurodevelopment resulting from IL-2 gene deletion. J Neurosci Res. 1999;56:441–446.3.0.CO;2-G>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21.Encinas, JA, Wicker, LS, Peterson, LB, et al.QTL influencing autoimmune diabetes and encephalomyelitis map to a 0.15-cM region containing IL2. Nature Genet. 1999;21:158–160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22.Petitto, JM, Streit, WJ, Huang, Z, Butfiloski, E, Schiffenbauer, J. Interleukin-2 gene deletion produces a robust reduction in susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in C57BL/6 mice. Neurosci Lett. 2000;285:66–70.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23.Stein, M, Miller, AH, Trestman, RL. Depression, the immune system and health and illness. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1991;48:171.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
24.Herbert, TB, Cohen, S. Depression and immunity: a meta-analytic review. Psycho Bull 1993;1133:472–486.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25.Maes, M. Evidence for an immune response in major depression: a review and hypothesis. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 1995;19:11–38.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
26.Hickey, WF, Hsu, BL, and Kimura, H. T-lymphocyte entry into the central nervous system. J Neurosci Res. 1991;28:254–260.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
27.Knopf, PM, Harling-Berg, CJ, Cserr, HF, et al.Antigen-dependent intrathecal antibody synthesis in the normal rat brain: tissue entry and local retention of antigen-specific B cells. J Immunology. 1998;161(2):692–701.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
28.Schwartz, M, Cohen, I, Lazarov-Spiegler, O, Moalem, G, Yoles, E. The Remedy may lie in ourselves: prospects for immune cell therapy in central nervous system protection and repair. J Mol Med. 1999;77:713–717.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
29.Spivak, B, Radwan, M, Bartur, P, Mester, R, Weizman, A. Antinuclear autoantibodies in chronic schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1995;92:266–269.8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed