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Antineuroinflammatory therapy: potential treatment for autism spectrum disorder by inhibiting glial activation and restoring synaptic function

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 October 2019

Yong-Jiang Li ,
Xiaojie Zhang  and
Ya-Min Li Open the ORCID record for Ya-Min Li [Opens in a new window]
Yong-Jiang Li
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
Xiaojie Zhang
Affiliation:
Mental Health Institute of The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
Ya-Min Li*
Affiliation:
Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
*
*Ya-Min Li, PhD, Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by deficits in social interactions and perseverative and stereotypical behavior. Growing evidence points toward a critical role for synaptic dysfunction in the onset of ASD, and synaptic function is influenced by glial cells. Considering the evidence that neuroinflammation in ASD is mediated by glial cells, one hypothesis is that reactive glial cells, under inflammatory conditions, contribute to the loss of synaptic functions and trigger ASD. Ongoing pharmacological treatments for ASD, including oxytocin, vitamin D, sulforaphane, and resveratrol, are promising and are shown to lead to improvements in behavioral performance in ASD. More importantly, their pharmacological mechanisms are closely related to anti-inflammation and synaptic protection. We focus this review on the hypothesis that synaptic dysfunction caused by reactive glial cells would lead to ASD, and discuss the potentials of antineuroinflammatory therapy for ASD.

Keywords

Autism spectrum disordersynaptic dysfunctionmicrogliaastrocyteneuroinflammationtherapy
Type
Review
Information
CNS Spectrums , Volume 25 , Issue 4 , August 2020 , pp. 493 - 501
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2019

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