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X-Ray Powder Diffraction Rietveld Characterization of Synthetic Aluminum-Substituted Goethite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

P. G. Fazey ,
B. H. O'Connor  and
L. C. Hammond
P. G. Fazey*
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Physics, Curtin University of Technology, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
B. H. O'Connor*
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Physics, Curtin University of Technology, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
L. C. Hammond*
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Physics, Curtin University of Technology, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
*
1Present address: CSIRO Division of Soils, Private Bag, P.O. Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
2To whom all correspondence should be addressed.
3Present address: Materials Research Laboratory, DSTO, P.O. Box 50, Ascot Vale, Victoria 3052, Australia
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Abstract

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Riet veld X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis has been evaluated as a procedure for characterizing Al-substituted goethite according to the Rietveld scale factor, unit-cell parameters, and atom positional parameters. The study was conducted with three synthetic goethite samples for which the degree of Al substitution for Fe determined by chemical analysis was 8.0 ± 0.4, 12.0 ± 0.4, and 20.1 ± 0.4 mole %. The weight fractions of crystalline material (WFCM) in the specimens, determined from the Rietveld scale factors after correcting for adsorbed water and impurities, were 0.878 (esd = 0.014), 0.919 (0.014), and 0.965 (0.015), respectively. The Al mole % substitutions, inferred from the Rietveld cell parameters according to the method of Schulze (1984), were 10.4 ± 2.5, 16.5 ± 2.6, and 17.1 ± 2.6, respectively. The cause of the significant difference between the second value and the chemical analysis result is not known. The atom positional parameters did not differ significantly within the sample suite and agreed satisfactorily with literature values. The results have demonstrated the value of using Rietveld XRD analysis to determine simultaneously the WFCM and Al mole % substitutions, as well as to confirm the non-hydrogen atom positions.

Keywords

AluminumCrystallinityGoethiteRietveld refinementX-ray powder diffraction
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 39 , Issue 3 , June 1991 , pp. 248 - 253
Copyright
Copyright © 1991, The Clay Minerals Society

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