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Visible Spectroscopy of Cationic Dyes in Dispersions with Reduced-Charge Montmorillonites

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Juraj Bujdák  and
Nobuo Iyi
Juraj Bujdák*
Affiliation:
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, SK-842 36 Bratislava, Slovakia
Nobuo Iyi
Affiliation:
National Institute for Materials Science, Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
*
*E-mail address of corresponding author: [email protected]
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Abstract

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The aggregation behavior of one azine and three triphenylmethane cationic dyes in dispersions of reduced-charge montmorillonites (RCMs) was investigated. The extent and types of dye aggregation were monitored using visible spectroscopy. Similar relationships between dye aggregation and layer charge were observed, independent of the structure of the dye cations. High charge-density surfaces induced the formation of H-aggregates, with a face-to-face association between the dye cations that then absorb light at relatively lower wavelengths. Moderate reductions in layer charge were reflected in the lowering of the H-aggregation in favor of monomers, dimers and less densely-packed J-aggregates, absorbing light at higher wavelengths. Dye spectra in the presence of the lowest-charge RCMs resembled those of dilute dye solutions, indicating the absence of dye aggregation of any type in this case. The relationship between dye spectral changes and layer-charge densities of smectites is a general phenomenon which can potentially be used to estimate the layer charge of smectites. However, applying this method to triphenylmethane dyes, which have structurally more complicated cations, may reduce the sensitivity of the probe.

Keywords

Cationic DyesDye AggregatesLayer-Charge DensityMontmorillonite
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 50 , Issue 4 , August 2002 , pp. 446 - 454
Copyright
Copyright © 2002, The Clay Minerals Society

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