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Synthesis and Properties of Titanium Oxide Cross-Linked Montmorillonite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

Johan Sterte
Johan Sterte*
Affiliation:
Department of Engineering Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Abstract

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Titanium was introduced into the montmorillonite structure by cation exchange with polymeric Ti cations, formed by partial hydrolysis of TiCl4 in HCl. On further hydrolysis and heating, TiO2 pillars in the form of anastase were formed between the montmorillonite layers. The resulting TiO2-cross-linked montmorillonites possessed surface areas in the range 200–350 m2/g and pore volumes of about 0.2 cm3/g and were thermally and hydrothermally stable to 700°C. The basal spacing of products heated at temperatures > 200°C was about 28Å, as determined by X-ray powder diffraction and by N2-desorption pore-size analysis. The surface area increased and the pore volume decreased with increasing HCl-concentration in the Ti-solution. The uptake of TiO2 by the montmorillonite, the surface area, and the pore volume increased with increasing amount of Ti added in the preparation, to about 10 mmoles of Ti/g of montmorillonite. A further increase in the amount of Ti added resulted in a decrease in surface area, but the pore volume and the uptake of TiO2 remained almost constant. The high porosity and the interlayer spacing of the product are consistent with a structure similar to that previously proposed for smectites, cross-linked with hydroxy-Al oligocations.

Keywords

Cross-linked smectiteMontmorillonitePillared interlayer complexPorosityThermal stabilityTitanium oxide
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 34 , Issue 6 , December 1986 , pp. 658 - 664
Copyright
Copyright © 1986, The Clay Minerals Society

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