Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T07:58:48.507Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Swelling of Formamide-Montmorillonite Complexes in Polar Liquids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

Masanobu Onikata ,
Mitsuji Kondo  and
Shoji Yamanaka
Masanobu Onikata
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Applied Clay Technology (LACT), Hojun Kogyo Co., Ltd., 1433-1 Haraichi, Annaka, Gunma 379-0133, Japan
Mitsuji Kondo
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Applied Clay Technology (LACT), Hojun Kogyo Co., Ltd., 1433-1 Haraichi, Annaka, Gunma 379-0133, Japan
Shoji Yamanaka
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

A new osmotic-swelling system for montmorillonite with formamide (FA) is described. Water and a variety of polar organic liquids were used to swell FA-montmorillonite complexes. The post-swelling behavior of the complex is interpreted in terms of the bi-functionality of FA as an electron donor/acceptor and the magnitude of the donor number (DN) of the polar liquid relative to that of FA. The FA-montmorillonite complex shows limited swelling of d(001) <2.3 nm for polar liquids with DNs larger than that of FA. In contrast, the FA-montmorillonite complex shows osmotic swelling when the DN of the polar liquid is smaller than that of FA.

Keywords

Donor NumberFormamideMontmorilloniteOsmotic SwellingPolar LiquidsSwelling
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 47 , Issue 5 , October 1999 , pp. 678 - 681
Copyright
Copyright © 1999, The Clay Minerals Society

References

Barthel, J. Gores, H.J., Mamantovand, G. and Popov, A., 1994 Solution chemistry: A cutting edge in modem electrochemical technology Chemistry of Nonaqueous Solutions New York VCH Publisher, Inc. 1–148.Google Scholar
Bissada, K.K. Johns, W.D. and Cheng, F.S., 1967 Cationdipole interactions in clay organic complexes Clay Minerals 7 155–166 10.1180/claymin.1967.007.2.03.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bradley, W.F., 1945 Molecular associations between montmorillonite and some polyfunctional organic liquids Journal of the American Chemical Society 67 975–981 10.1021/ja01222a028.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Glaeser, R., 1948 On the mechanism of formation of montmorillonite-acetone complexes Clay Minerals Bulletin 1 88–90.Google Scholar
Gutmann, V., 1976 Empirical parameters for donor and acceptor properties of solvents Electrochimica Acta 21 661–670 10.1016/0013-4686(76)85034-7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kondo, M., 1996 United States Patent 5,573,583 .Google Scholar
Konta, J., 1995 Clay and man: Clay raw materials in the service of man Applied Clay Science 10 275–335 10.1016/0169-1317(95)00029-4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacEwan, D.M.C., 1944 Identification of the montmorillonite group of minerals by X-rays Nature 154 577–578 10.1038/154577b0.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacEwan, D.M.C., 1948 Complexes of clays with organic compounds. I. Complex formation between montmorillonite and halloysite and certain organic liquids Transactions of the Faraday Society 44 349–367 10.1039/tf9484400349.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacEwan, D.M.C., 1960 Interlamellar reactions of clays and other substances Clays and Clay Minerals 9 431–443 10.1346/CCMN.1960.0090131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacEwan, D.M.C. Wilson, M.J., Brindley, G.W. and Brown, G., 1980 Interlayer and intercalation complexes of clay minerals Crystal Structures of Clay Minerals and Their X-ray Identification London Mineralogical Society 197–248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mayer, U. Gutmann, V. and Gerger, W., 1975 The acceptor number—A quantitative empirical parameter for the electrophilic properties of solvents Monatshefte für Chemie 106 1235–1257 10.1007/BF00913599.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norrish, K., 1954 The swelling of montmorillonite Discussion of the Faraday Society 18 120–134 10.1039/df9541800120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Olejnik, S. Posner, A.M. and Quirk, J.P., 1974 Swelling of montmorillonite in polar organic liquids Clays and Clay Minerals 22 361–365 10.1346/CCMN.1974.0220407.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Onikata, M. Kondo, M. Kamon, M. and Kamon, M., 1996 Development and characterization of a multiswellable bentonite Environmental Geotechnics Rotterdam A.A. Balkema 587–590.Google Scholar
Onikata, M. Kondo, M. Hayashi, N. and Yamanaka, S., 1999 Complex formation of cation-exchanged montmorillonites with propylene carbonate: Osmotic swelling in aqueous electrolyte solutions Clays and Clay Minerals 47 672–677 10.1346/CCMN.1999.0470514.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reynolds, R.C., 1965 An X-ray study of an ethylene glycolmontmorillonite complex American Mineralogist 50 990–1001.Google Scholar
Serratosa, J.M., 1966 Infrared analysis of the orientation of pyridine molecules in clay complexes Clays and Clay Minerals 14 385–391 10.1346/CCMN.1966.0140133.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tahoun, S.A. and Mortland, M.M., 1966 Complexes of montmorillonite with primary, secondary, and tertiary amides. II. Coordination of amides on the surface of montmorillonite Soil Science 102 314–321 10.1097/00010694-196611000-00006.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yamanaka, S. Kanamaru, F. and Koizumi, M., 1974 Role of interlayer cations in the formation of acrylonitrile-montmorillonite complexes The Journal of Physical Chemistry 78 42–44 10.1021/j100594a008.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yamanaka, S. Kanamaru, F. and Koizumi, M., 1975 Studies on the orientation of acrylonitrile adsorbed on interlamellar surfaces of montmorillonites The Journal of Physical Chemistry 79 1285–1288 10.1021/j100580a012.CrossRefGoogle Scholar