Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T09:46:58.012Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Structural and Chemical Alteration of Glauconite under Progressive Acid Treatment

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Mervat S. Hassan  and
Hassan M. Baioumy
Mervat S. Hassan*
Affiliation:
Central Metallurgical R & D Institute, PO Box 87, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
Hassan M. Baioumy
Affiliation:
Central Metallurgical R & D Institute, PO Box 87, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
*
*E-mail address of corresponding author: [email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Boiling glauconite from the El-Gideda area of Egypt in different concentrations of HCl and H2SO4 for different periods led to a modified structure. Treatment resulted in progressive destruction of the structure, leaving X-ray amorphous silica and only relics of the original mineral. The glauconitic material was modified structurally in order to increase its adsorption activity. The glauconite was evaluated in terms of mineralogy, chemistry, morphology, structural modification, octahedral cation leaching rate, surface area and cation exchange capacity using X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy and surface area analysis. The ratio of extracted octahedral cations to the total octahedral cations in the untreated glauconite was taken as a measure of octahedral sheet decomposition. A progressive decrease in crystallinity and the formation of X-ray amorphous silica Si-O vibration bands at 1100, 800 and 494 cm−1 accompanied octahedral cation depletion. Acid activation using 2 M and 4 M HCl for 6 h destroyed 30% and 61% of the octahedral sheet, respectively. In contrast, similar treatment using 2.9 and 5.5 M H2SO4 destroyed 48% and 93% of the octahedral sheet, respectively. Depending on the extent of cation depletion, the 4 M HCl product surface areas were as high as 259 m2/g, whereas the surface area of the 5.5 M H2SO4 product was only 63 m2/g. The progressive increase in surface area was due to glauconite morphology alteration. Acid-induced dissolution of Al, Fe, Mg cations from octahedral sheet edges led to a wedge-like splitting of the glauconite crystals, mesopore creation, and greater access to interlayer galleries.

Keywords

El-GidedaEgyptGlauconiteStructural Modification
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 54 , Issue 4 , August 2006 , pp. 491 - 499
Copyright
Copyright © 2006, The Clay Minerals Society

References

Balcı, S., (1996) Thermal decomposition of sepiolite and variations in pore structure with and without acid pre-treatment Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology 66 72–78 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4660(199605)66:1<72::AID-JCTB442>3.0.CO;2-T.3.0.CO;2-T>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bojemueller, E. Nennemann, A. and Lagaly, G., (2001) Enhanced pesticide adsorption by thermally modified bentonites Applied Clay Science 18 277–284 10.1016/S0169-1317(01)00027-8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clarke, G.H., (1985) Special clays Industrial Minerals 216 25–51.Google Scholar
Corma, A. Mifsud, A. and Sanz, E., (1987) Influence of the chemical composition and textural characteristics of palygorskite on the acid leaching of octahedral cations Clay Minerals 20 13–27.Google Scholar
Corma, A. Mifsud, A. and Sanz, E., (1990) Kinetics of the acid leaching of palygorskite: Influence of the octahedral sheet composition Clay Minerals 25 197–205 10.1180/claymin.1990.025.2.05.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dékány, I. Turi, L. Fonseca, A. and Nagy, J.B., (1999) The structure of acid treated sepiolites: small angle X-ray scattering and multi MAS-NMR investigations Applied Clay Science 14 141–160 10.1016/S0169-1317(98)00056-8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fahn, R., (1979) Acid activated clays and their adsorption properties Proceedings of the Society of Mining and Engineers, AIME, Tucson, Arizona 79 1–13.Google Scholar
Falaras, P. Kovanis, I. Lezou, F. and Seiragakis, G., (1999) Cottonseed oil bleaching by acid activated montmorillonite Clay Minerals 34 221–232 10.1180/000985599546181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fernandez-Bastero, S. Garcia, T. Santos, A. and Gago-Duport, L., (2003) Structural and compositional variation in glauconites from acid dissolution process at low temperature Journal of Geophysical Research Abstract 5 14353.Google Scholar
Hongping, H. Jiugao, G. Xiande, X. Hongfu, L. and Liyun, L., (2002) A microstructural study of acid-activated montmorillonite from Choushan, China Clay Minerals 37 337–349 10.1180/0009855023720037.Google Scholar
Hymore, F.K., (1996) Effects of some additives on the performance of acid-activated clays in the bleaching of palm oil Applied Clay Science 10 379–385 10.1016/0169-1317(95)00034-8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Katunori, K., Koji, S. and Atsumu, T. (1997) Advanced utilization of serpentine, preparation and utilization of amorphous siliceous materials from serpentine (Mg2Si2O5(OH)4) by acid treatment. Report of the National Institute for Resources and Environment, 18.Google Scholar
Kaviratna, H. and Pinnavaia, T.J., (1994) Acid hydrolysis of octahedral Mg2+ sites in 2:1 layered silicates: An assessment of edge attack and gallery access mechanisms Clay Minerals 42 717–723 10.1346/CCMN.1994.0420607.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Komadel, P. Schmidt, D. Madejová, J. and Čičel, B., (1990) Alteration of smectites by treatments with hydrochloric acid and sodium carbonate solutions Applied Clay Science 5 113–122 10.1016/0169-1317(90)90017-J.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Madejová, J. Bujdák, J. Janek, M. and Komadel, P., (1998) Comparative FT-IR study of structural modifications during acid treatment of dioctahedral smectites and hectorite Spectrochimica Acta 54 1397–1406 10.1016/S1386-1425(98)00040-7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mervat, S.H. and El-Shall, H., (2004) Glauconitic clay of El Gidida, Egypt. Evaluation and surface modification Applied Clay Science 27 219–222 10.1016/j.clay.2004.04.002.Google Scholar
Mervat, S.H., Ismael, S.I. and Ibrahim, A.I. (1999) Aspects of modification of the structure and decolorizing power of Egyptian Fullers Earth. Erzmetall, 579–583.Google Scholar
Mesaed, A.A. and Surour, A.A., (1999) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Bartonian strata bound diagenetic and lateritic glauconitic ironstones of El-Gidida mine, Bahria Oasis, Egypt International Conference on Geology of the Arab World Egypt Cairo University 509–540.Google Scholar
Morgan, D.A. Shaw, D.B. Sidebottom, M.I. Soon, T.C. and Taylor, R.S., (1985) The function of bleaching earths in the processing of palm kernel and coconut oils Journal of the American Oil Chemical Society 62 292–299 10.1007/BF02541394.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Odom, E., (1976) Microstructure, mineralogy and chemistry of Cambrian glauconite pellets and glauconite, Central USA Clays and Clay Minerals 24 232–238 10.1346/CCMN.1976.0240504.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reynolds, R.C. and Hower, J., (1970) The nature of interlayering in mixed-layer illite-montmorillonites Clays and Clay Minerals 18 25–36 10.1346/CCMN.1970.0180104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rompaey, K.V. Van Ranst, E. De Coninck, F. and Vindevogel, N., (2002) Dissolution characteristics of hectorite in inorganic acids Applied Clay Science 2 241–256 10.1016/S0169-1317(02)00086-8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sarier, N. and Guler, C., (1989) The mechanism of β-carotene adsorption on activated montmorillonite Journal of the American Oil Chemical Society 66 917–923 10.1007/BF02682609.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Siddiqui, M.K.H., (1968) Bleaching Earths Oxford, UK Pergamon 10.1016/B978-0-08-012738-5.50006-1 68 pp.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Srasra, E. and Trabelsi-Ayedi, M., (2000) Textural properties of acid-activated glauconite Applied Clay Science 17 71–84 10.1016/S0169-1317(00)00008-9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takeshi, H. and Kato, C., (1989) Montmorillonite minerals The Clays of Japan Tokyo Geological Survey of Japan 103–120.Google Scholar
Theng, B.K.G. and Wells, N., (1995) Assessing the capacity of some New Zealand clays for decolorizing vegetable oil and butter Applied Clay Science 9 321–326 10.1016/0169-1317(94)00031-K.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Theocharis, C.R. Jacob, K.J. and Gray, A., (1988) Enhancement of Lewis acidity in layer aluminosilicates Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 84 1509–1516 10.1039/f19888401509.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, G.R. and Hower, J., (1975) The mineralogy of glauconite Clays and Clay Minerals 23 289–300 10.1346/CCMN.1975.0230405.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vengris, T. Binkiene, R. and Sveikauskaite, A., (2001) Nickel, copper and zinc removal from waste water by a modified clay sorbent Applied Clay Science 18 183–190 10.1016/S0169-1317(00)00036-3.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vicente Rodriguez, M.A. Lopez Gonzalez, J.D. and Banares Munoz, M., (1994) Acid activation of a Spanish sepiolite: physicochemical characterization, free silica content and surface area of products obtained Clay Minerals 29 361–367 10.1180/claymin.1994.029.3.07.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weast, R.C., (1984) Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 65 Boca Raton, Florida CRC Press.Google Scholar
Weaver, C.E., (1956) The distribution and identification of mixed-layer clays in sedimentary rocks American Mineralogist 41 202–221.Google Scholar