Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T00:33:21.511Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Stepwise Hydration of High-Quality Synthetic Smectite with Various Cations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

Kenji Tamura ,
Hirohisa Yamada  and
Hiromoto Nakazawa
Kenji Tamura*
Affiliation:
Central Research Laboratory, Kawasaki, Showa Denko K.K., 3-2 Chidori-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-0865 Japan
Hirohisa Yamada
Affiliation:
National Institute for Research in Inorganic Materials, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044 Japan
Hiromoto Nakazawa
Affiliation:
National Institute for Research in Inorganic Materials, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044 Japan
*
E-mail of corresponding author: [email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Smectites synthesized from experiments at 5.5 GPa and 1500°C are of high quality, crystals are large at >10 μm, and the 2:1 layers may have a homogeneous charge distribution. Smectite was exchanged with various cations (Na+, Li+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+) and the hydration behavior of each sample was observed by an in situ powder X-ray diffraction method under precisely controlled relative humidity (RH). The smectite showed distinct stepwise (discontinuous) hydration versus RH. During the transition between two hydration states, the coexistence of the two states was observed. Randomly interstratified structures with one and two planes of H2O are time-dependent phenomena and relate to hydration and dehydration processes.

Keywords

Crystalline SwellingHydrationInterlayer CationSmectite
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 48 , Issue 3 , June 2000 , pp. 400 - 404
Copyright
Copyright © 2000, The Clay Minerals Society

References

Bai, T.-B. Guggenheim, S. Wang, S. Rancourt, D.G. and Koster van Groos, A.F., 1993 Metastable phase reactions in the chlorite-H2O system American Mineralogist 78 1208–1216.Google Scholar
Bérend, I. Cases, J.M. François, M. Uriot, J.P. Michot, L. Masion, A. and Thomas, F., 1995 Mechanism of adsorption and description of water vapor by homoionic mont-morillonites: 2. The Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+ and Cs+-exchanged forms Clays and Clay Minerals 43 324–336 10.1346/CCMN.1995.0430307.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Güven, N., Güven, N. and Pollastro, R.M., 1992 Molecular aspects of clay-water interactions Clay-Water Interface and its/theological Implications Boulder, Colorado Clay Minerals Society 2–79.Google Scholar
Hashizume, H. Shimomura, S. Yamada, H. Fujita, T. Nak-azawa, H. and Akutsu, O., 1996 X-ray diffraction system with controlled relative humidity and temperature Powder Diffraction 11 288–289 10.1017/S088571560000926X.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kunimine Industries Co. Ltd., 1978 Catalogue of High Purity Na-Montmorillonite Tokyo KUNIPIA-F.Google Scholar
Laird, D.A., 1996 Model for crystalline swelling of 2:1 phyllosilicates Clays and Clay Minerals 44 553–559 10.1346/CCMN.1996.0440415.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nakazawa, H. Yamada, H. and Fujita, T., 1992 Crystal synthesis of smectite applying very high pressure and temperature Applied Clay Science 6 395–401 10.1016/0169-1317(92)90006-9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norrish, K., 1954 The swelling of montmorillonite Discussion of the Faraday Society 18 120–133 10.1039/df9541800120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parker, J.C. and Sparks, D.L., 1986 Hydrostatics of water in porous media Soil Physical Chemistry Florida CRS Press 209–296.Google Scholar
Sato, T., 1996 Hydration and structure of adsorbed water on clay minerals Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Japan 25 99–110 10.2465/gkk1952.25.99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sato, T. Watanabe, T. and Otsuka, R., 1992 Effects of layer charge, charge location, and energy change on expansion properties of dioctahedral smectites Clays and Clay Minerals 40 103–113 10.1346/CCMN.1992.0400111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sposito, G. and Prost, R., 1982 Structure of water adsorbed on smectites Chemical Reviews 82 553–573 10.1021/cr00052a001.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watanabe, T. and Sato, T., 1988 Expansion characteristics of montmorillonite and saponite under various relative humidity conditions Clay Science 7 129–138.Google Scholar
Yamada, H. Nakazawa, H. Hashizume, H. Shimomura, S. and Watanabe, X., 1994 Hydration behavior of Na-smec-tite crystals synthesized at high pressure and high temperature Clays and Clay Minerals 42 77–80 10.1346/CCMN.1994.0420110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yamada, H. Nakazawa, H. and Hashizume, H., 1994 Formation of smectite crystals at high pressures and temperature Clays and Clay Minerals 42 674–678 10.1346/CCMN.1994.0420603.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yamada, H. Nakazawa, H. and Ito, E., 1995 Cooling rate dependency of the formation of smectite crystals from a high-pressure and high-temperature hydrous melt Clays and Clay Minerals 43 693–696 10.1346/CCMN.1995.0430605.CrossRefGoogle Scholar