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Sorption Mechanisms of Lanthanum on Oxide Minerals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

Scott Fendorf  and
Mark Fendorf
Scott Fendorf
Affiliation:
Soil Science Division, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844
Mark Fendorf
Affiliation:
National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, California 94720
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Abstract

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The retention of hazardous species, including many of the lanthanides, on soils and sediments is vital for maintaining environmental quality. In this study, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) was used to identify surface precipitates of La and their degree of atomic ordering on oxides of Mn (birnessite), Fe (goethite) and Ti (rutile) over a pH range of 3 to 8. At pH >5.5, the aqueous concentration of La was fully depleted by all three metal-oxides. On birnessite, surface precipitation of La-hydroxide occurred at pH = 5 and appears to be the dominant sorption mechanism on this mineral. Surface precipitation was not observed on rutile or goethite until much higher pH values, 6.5 for rutile and 8.0 for goethite. Precipitation is thus correlated with the points of zero charge (PZC) of the minerals, 6.3 for rutile and 7.8 for goethite, and in each case was observed only at pH values above the PZC. Although La sorption was extensive on all of the minerals at the higher pHs, the depletion of La from solution by rutile and goethite at pH values well below the PZC indicates that the sorption mechanism differs from that on birnessite. While surface precipitation was found to be the dominant sorption mechanism of La on birnessite, surface complexation of monomelic or small multinuclear species appears to predominate in La retention on rutile and goethite at most commonly encountered pH values.

Keywords

Electron microscopyLanthanumMetal-oxidesSorption
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 44 , Issue 2 , April 1996 , pp. 220 - 227
Copyright
Copyright © 1996, The Clay Minerals Society

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