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Sodium and Chloride Sorption by Imogolite and Allophanes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

Chunming Su ,
James B. Harsh  and
Paul M. Bertsch
Chunming Su
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, College of Agriculture and Home Economics Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6420
James B. Harsh
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, College of Agriculture and Home Economics Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6420
Paul M. Bertsch
Affiliation:
Division of Biogeochemistry, University of Georgia, Savannah River Ecology Laboratory Drawer E, Aiken, South Carolina 29801
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Abstract

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The surface excesses of Na and Cl on synthetic imogolite and allophanes with varying Al/Si molar ratios in 0.10 M and 0.01 M NaCl solutions were determined using 22Na and 36Cl as ion probes. The point of zero net charge (PZNC) values ranged from 4.1 to 8.4, increasing with the Al/Si molar ratio for the allophanes, and was highest for imogolite (Al/Si = 2.01). The PZNC values were significantly lower than the point of zero charge (PZC) values previously determined by microelectrophoresis for the same material, indicating that Na resided within the shear plane to a greater extent than Cl. The PZNC values of allophanes were lower than their PZSE values, indicating that permanent charge existed in allophanes, and increased as Al/Si decreased. Conversely, the PZNC of imogolite was higher than its point of zero salt effect (PZSE) determined by potentiometric titration. Adsorption of Cl on imogolite from 0.1 and 0.01 M NaCl solutions below pH 8.4 and of Na from 0.1 M NaCl solutions between pH 5 and 8.4 exceeded the proton charge determined by potentiometric titration. There was no direct evidence of permanent charge in imogolite and excess Cl adsorption could not be entirely explained by simultaneous intercalation of Na and Cl. Isomorphic substitution of Al in tetrahedral sites was shown to increase with decreasing Al/Si by 27Al high-resolution solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of allophanes, and was absent in imogolite. The chemical shifts of Al(4) and Al(6) were similar in allophanes (63.0–64.7 ppm and 6.1–7.8 ppm, respectively) and the chemical shift of Al(6) was 9.4 in imogolite.

Keywords

Zero net chargeNuclear magnetic resonanceIsomorphic substitutionPZCIon adsorptionPermanent chargeSalt absorptionIntercalation
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 40 , Issue 3 , June 1992 , pp. 280 - 286
Copyright
Copyright © 1992, The Clay Minerals Society

Footnotes

Contribution from the College of Agric. and Home Econ. Res. Ctr., Pullman. Paper No. 9101-56. Project 0694.

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