Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2plfb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T13:27:45.195Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Silication of Hydroxy-Al Interlayers in Smectite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

G. Lou
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0W0
P. M. Huang
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0W0
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The reaction of hydroxy-Al interlayers in montmorillonite with monosilicic acid was studied by chemical analysis, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Hydroxy-Al interlayers in montmorillonite was prepared by treating Ca-montmorillonite (<2) μm) with hydroxy-Al solutions at an initial Al concentration of 0.5 mM and OH/Al molar ratios of 1.0, 2.0, and 2.5. The resultant partially interlayered montmorillonite was reacted with 0.5, 0.9, and 1.4 mM monosilicic acid solutions.

A substantial amount of monosilicic acid was adsorbed by the interlayer hydroxy-Al polymers through the reaction of Si-OH groups with mainly Al-OH groups, resulting in the formation of silicated Al-interlayers with Si/Al molar ratios up to 0.19. The adsorption of silicic acid by interlayer hydroxy-Al polymers increased the basal spacings of the partially interlayered montmorillonite. This effect was most pronounced for the hydroxy-Al interlayered montmorillonite formed in the systems at an OH/Al ratio of 2.0, in which the d(001) reflections (110°C) shifted from 13.6 Å before silication to 14.1 Å with a shoulder at 17.0 Å after silication. The differential IR spectrum of the silicated hydroxy-Al interlayers in montmorillonite exhibited absorption bands at 935 and 3730 cm−1, which can be assigned to Si-O and Si-OH, respectively, of the adsorbed Si(OH)4. An interlayer structure analogous to that of “proto-imogolite” was, thus, proposed for the silicated interlayer hydroxy-Al polymers in montmorillonite. This study revealed a new mechanism through which Si enters the interlayer spaces of smectite. The silication of hydroxy-Al-interlayered clays in natural environments and the related modifications in surface properties of the clays should receive increasing attention.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © 1993, The Clay Minerals Society

References

Bamhisel, R. I., Bertsch, P. M., Dixon, J. B. and Weed, S. B., 1989 Chlorites and hydroxy-interlayered vermiculite and smectite Minerals in Soil Environments 2nd ed. 729788.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beckwith, R. S. and Reeve, R., 1963 Studies on soluble silica in soils. I. The adsorption of silicic acid by soils and minerals Aust. J. Soil Res 1 157168 10.1071/SR9630157.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cradwick, P D G Farmer, V. C., Russell, J. D., Masson, C. R., Wada, K. and Yoshinaga, N., 1972 Imogolite, a hydrated aluminium silicate of tubular structure Nature (London) 240 187189 10.1038/240187a0.Google Scholar
Dixon, J. B. and Jackson, M. L., 1962 Properties of inter-gradient chlorite-expansible layer silicates of soils Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc 26 258362 10.2136/sssaj1962.03615995002600040016x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farmer, V. C., Righi, D. and Chauvel, A., 1987 The role of inorganic species in the transport of aluminum in Podzols Podzols et Podzolization Paris AFES et INRA 187194.Google Scholar
Farmer, V. C. and Fraser, A. R., 1982 Chemical and colloidal stability of sols in the Al2O3-Fe2O3-SiO2-H2O systems: Their role in podzolization J. Soil Sci 33 737742 10.1111/j.1365-2389.1982.tb01803.x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farmer, V. C., Fraser, A. R. and Tait, J. M., 1979 Characterization of the chemical structures of natural and synthetic aluminosilicate gels and sols by infrared spectroscopy Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 43 14171420 10.1016/0016-7037(79)90135-2.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farmer, V. C., Russell, J. D. and Berrow, M. L., 1980 Imogolite and proto-imogolite allophane in Spodic horizons: Evidence for a mobile aluminium silicate complex in Podzol formation J. Soil Sci 31 673684 10.1111/j.1365-2389.1980.tb02113.x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frink, C. R., 1965 Characteristics of aluminum interlayers in soil clays Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc 29 379382 10.2136/sssaj1965.03615995002900040011x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hsu, P. H., 1963 Effect of initial pH, phosphate, and silicate on the determination of aluminum with aluminon Soil Sci 96 230238 10.1097/00010694-196310000-00002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hsu, P. H., Dixon, J. B. and Weed, S. B., 1989 Aluminum hydroxides and oxyhydrox-ides Minerals in Soil Environments 2nd ed. 331378.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huang, P. M., 1988 Ionic factors affecting aluminum transformations and the impact on soil and environmental sciences. Adv. Soil Sci 8 178 10.1007/978-1-4613-8771-8_1.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackson, M. L., 1965 Clay transformations in soil genesis during the Quaternary Soil Sci 99 1522 10.1097/00010694-196501000-00004.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, I. D., Werpy, T. A. and Pinnavaia, T. J., 1988 Tubular silicate-layered silicate intercalation compounds: A new family of pillared clays J. Am. Chem. Soc 110 85458547 10.1021/ja00233a041.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, L H P and Handreck, K. A., 1963 Effect of iron and aluminium oxides on silica in solution in soil Nature (London) 198 852853 10.1038/198852a0.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Karathanasis, A. D., 1988 Compositional and solubility relationships between aluminum-hydroxy interlayered soil-smectites and vermiculites Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J 52 15001508 10.2136/sssaj1988.03615995005200050055x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lou, G., 1991 Interactions of soluble aluminum silicate species with expandable phyllosilicates and citrate .Google Scholar
Lou, G. and Huang, P. M., 1988 Hydroxy-aluminosilicate interlayers in montmorillonite: Implications for acidic environments Nature (London) 335 625627 10.1038/335625a0.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manley, E. P., Chesworth, W. and Evans, L. J., 1987 The solution chemistry of podzolic soils from the eastern Canadian shields: A thermodynamic interpretation of the mineral phases controlling soluble Al3+ and H4SiO4 J. Soil Sci 38 3951 10.1111/j.1365-2389.1987.tb02121.x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matsue, N. and Wada, K., 1988 Interlayer materials of partially interlayered vermiculites in Dystrochrepts derived from Tertiary sediments J. Soil Sci 39 155162 10.1111/j.1365-2389.1988.tb01202.x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matsue, N. and Wada, K., 1989 Source minerals and formation of partially interlayered vermiculites in Dystrochrepts derived from Tertiary sediments J. Soil Sci 40 17 10.1111/j.1365-2389.1989.tb01248.x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McKeague, J. A. and Cline, M. G., 1963 Silica in soil solutions. II. The adsorption of monosilicic acid by soil and by other substances Can. J. Soil Sci 43 8396 10.4141/cjss63-011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mott, C. J. B. and Gregory, J. G., 1970 Sorption of anions by soils Sorption and Transport Process in Soils 4053.Google Scholar
Parfitt, R. L., Fraser, A. R., Russell, J. D. and Farmer, V. C., 1977 Adsorption on hydrous oxides. II. Oxalate, benzoate and phosphate on gibbsite J. Soil Sci 28 4047 10.1111/j.1365-2389.1977.tb02294.x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pinnavaia, T. J., 1983 Intercalated clay catalysts. Science 220 365371 10.1126/science.220.4595.365.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rich, C. I., 1968 Hydroxy interlayers in expansible phyllosilicates Clays & Clay Minerals 16 1530 10.1346/CCMN.1968.0160104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Russell, J. D., McHardy, W. J. and Fraser, A. R., 1969 Imogolite: A unique aluminosilicate Clay Miner 8 8799 10.1180/claymin.1969.008.1.09.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wada, K., Kakuto, Y. and Fukuhara, K., 1987 “Chloritized” vermiculite and smectite in some Inceptisols and Spodosols Soil Sci. Plant Nutr 33 317326 10.1080/00380768.1987.10557578.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wada, S.-I. and Wada, K., 1980 J. Soil Sci 31 457467 10.1111/j.1365-2389.1980.tb02095.x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weaver, R. M., Syers, J. K. and Jackson, M. L., 1968 Determination of silica in citrate-bicarbonate-dithionite extracts of soils Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc 32 497501 10.2136/sssaj1968.03615995003200040023x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar