Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-18T16:45:08.497Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Shape-Selective Sorbents Based on Clay Minerals: A Review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

R. M. Barrer
R. M. Barrer*
Affiliation:
Chemistry Department, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

A review is presented of work carried out over the last 40 years on non-porous sorbents and on microporous shape-selective sorbents derived from palygorskite, smectite, and vermiculite. Among such materials four kinds of behavior were observed. In some systems uptake was restricted to external surfaces; in others, intercalation also occurred but only above threshold pressures. If the interlayer region was completely filled by long-chain organic cations, imbibition was possible, but in amounts which were very strongly dependent upon the cohesive energy density of the sorbate. Finally, in certain permanently expanded derivatives of layer silicates intercalation proceeded without any threshold pressure, just as in zeolites.

In this latter group, micropores existed which sometimes resulted in shape-selective sorption and molecule sieving. The micropores in clay minerals were modified by varying the size and shape of the interlayer cations, their charge, and the charge density of the siliceous layers. The interplay of these factors was investigated and the micropore sorbents were shown to be highly effective in the separation of mixtures.

Keywords

AdsorptionImbibitionIntercalationPalygorskitePorosityShape-selectiveSmectiteVermiculite
Type
Review Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 37 , Issue 5 , October 1989 , pp. 385 - 395
Copyright
Copyright © 1989, The Clay Minerals Society

Footnotes

1

This paper is based on the Pioneer in Clay Science Lecture delivered at the 25th annual meeting of The Clay Minerals Society in Grand Rapids, Michigan, September 1988.

References

Barrer, R. M. (1978) Zeolites and Clay Minerals as Sorbents and Molecular Sieves: Academic Press, New York, pp. 474, 476.Google Scholar
Barrer, R. M., 1984 Sorption and molecular sieve properties of clays and their importance as catalysts Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London A 311 333 – 352.Google Scholar
Barrer, R. M., 1986 Expanded clay minerals: A major class of molecular sieves J. Inclusion Phenomena 4 109 – 119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrer, R. M. and Brummer, K., 1963 Relations between partial ion exchange and interlamellar sorption in alkylammonium montmorillonites Trans. Faraday Soc 59 959 – 968.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrer, R. M. and Craven, R. J. B., 1987 Smectite molecular sieves. Part II. Expanded fluorhectorite sorbents J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. I 83 779 – 787.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrer, R. M. and Hampton, M. G., 1957 Gas chromatography and mixture isotherms in alkylammonium bentonites Trans. Faraday Soc 53 1462 – 1475.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrer, R. M. and Jones, D. L., 1970 Chemistry of soil minerals. Part VIII. Synthesis and properties of fluorhectorites J. Chem. Soc. A 1531 – 1537.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrer, R. M. and Jones, D. L., 1971 Chemistry of soil minerals. Part X. Shape-selective sorbents derived from fluorhectorites J. Chem. Soc. A 2594 – 2603.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrer, R. M. and Kelsey, K. E., 1961 Thermodynamics of interlamellar complexes. Part I. Hydrocarbons in meth-ylammonium montmorillonites Trans. Faraday Soc 57 452 – 462.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrer, R. M. and Kelsey, K. M., 1961 Thermodynamics of interlamellar complexes. Part II. Hydrocarbons in di-methyldioctadecylammonium bentonite Trans. Faraday Soc 57 625 – 640.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrer, R. M. and Mackenzie, N., 1954 Sorption by attapulgite. Part I. Availability of intracrystalline channels J. Phys. Chem 58 560 – 568.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrer, R. M., Mackenzie, N. p. and MacLeod, D. M., 1954 Sorption by attapulgite. Part II. Selectivity shown by attapulgite, sepiolite and montmorillonite for n-paraffins J. Phys. Chem 58 568 – 572.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrer, R. M. and MacLeod, D. M., 1954 Intercalation and sorption by montmorillonite Trans. Faraday Soc 50 980 – 989.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrer, R. M. and MacLeod, D. M., 1955 Activation of montmorillonite by ion exchange and sorption complexes of tetra-alkylammonium montmorillonites Trans. Faraday Soc 51 1290 – 1300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrer, R. M. and Millington, A. D., 1967 Sorption and intracrystalline porosity in organoclays J. Coll. Interface Sci 25 359 – 372.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrer, R. M. and Perry, G. S., 1961 Sorption of mixtures and selectivity in alkylammonium montmorillonites. Part I. Monomethylammonium bentonite J. Chem. Soc 842 – 849.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrer, R. M. and Perry, G. S., 1961 Sorption of mixtures and selectivity in alkylammonium montmorillonites. Part II. Tetramethylammonium montmorillonite J. Chem. Soc. 850 – 858.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrer, R. M. and Reay, J. S. S., 1957 Sorption and intercalation by methylammonium montmorillonites Trans. Faraday Soc 53 1253 – 1261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brunauer, S., 1944 The Physical Adsorption of Gases and Vapours United Kingdom Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford.Google Scholar
Craven, R. J. B., 1976 Sorption and separation by ion-exchanged synthetic fluorhectorites 164.Google Scholar
Vaughan, D. E. W., Flank, W. H. and Whyte, T. E. Jr., 1988 Recent developments in pillared interlayered clays Perspectives in Molecular Sieve Science Toronto Amer. Chem. Soc. Symposium.Google Scholar