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Preparation and Electrical Properties of Quaternary Ammonium Montmorillonite-Polystyrene Complexes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 July 2024

Chuzo Kato ,
Kazuyuki Kuroda  and
Hideyuki Takahara
Chuzo Kato
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan 160
Kazuyuki Kuroda
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan 160
Hideyuki Takahara
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan 160
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Abstract

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Intercalation compounds of styrene and quaternary ammonium montmorillonite were prepared by immersion of the clay in styrene monomer. The intercalation of stearyltrimethylammonium (CH3(CH2)17N(CH3)3+)-montmorillonite and styrene showed an expansion of the basal spacing to a constant value of ∼32 Å after immersion for 10 days. After polymerization, the amount of polystyrene in the interlayer region was determined by thermal gravimetric analysis. Styrene adsorption initially increased with increasing quaternary ammonium cation and then became approximately constant when loading of the quaternary ammonium cation exceeded 100 meq/100 g clay. The volume resistivity of the stearyltrimethylammonium-montmorilionite-polystyrene complex, which was determined with a high resistance meter, was greater than that of both the quaternary ammonium-montmorillonite and the montmorillonite, and increased in proportion to the amount of polymer adsorbed. These data indicate that polystyrene improved the insulating properties of the clay films.

Резюме

Резюме

Прослойки старена и четвертачно/аммоний-монтмориллонита были приготовлены путем иммерсии глины в мономере стирена. Прослойки стеарилтриметиламмоний (СН3(СН2)17N(СН3)з+)-монтмориллонита и стирена после иммерсии в течение 10 дней показали расширение основных промежутков до постоянной величины ~32 Å. После полимеризации количество полистирена в межслойной области определялось путём термогравиметрического анализа. Сначала адсорбция стирена увеличивалась вместе с увеличивающимся количеством четвертичного катиона аммония и оставалась приблизительно неизменной, когда количество этого катиона превышало 100 мэкв/100 г глины. Объёмное удельное сопротивление комплекса стеарилтриметиламмоний-монтмориллонит-полистирен, определенное при помощи прибора высокого сопротивления, было больше, чем для четвертично-аммоний-монтмориллонита и монтмориллонита, и оно увеличивалось пропорционально количеству адсорбированного полимера. Эти данные указывают но то, что полистирен улучшил изоляционные свойства глинистых фильмов. [Е.С.]

Resümee

Resümee

Einlagerungsverbindungen von Styrol und quarternärem Ammonium-Montmorillonit wurden mittels Immersion von Ton in monomerem Styrol hergestellt. Die Einlagerung von Styrol in Stearyltrimethylammonium (CH3(CH2)l7N(CH3)3+)-Montmorillonit führt nach einer Immersion von 10 Tagen zu einer Aufweitung des Basisabstandes auf einen konstanten Wert von etwa 32 Å. Nach der Polymerisation wurde der Gehalt an Polystyrol in den Zwischenschichten mittels thermogravimetrischer Analyse bestimmt. Die Styrol-Adsorption nahm zu Beginn mit zunehmenden quarternären Ammonium-Kationen zu und wurde dann, wenn die Beladung mit den quartern:aren Kationen 100 mÄqu/100 g Ton überschritten hat, annähernd konstant. Der Gesamtwiderstand des Stearyltrimethylammonium-Montmorillonit-Polystyrol-Komplexes, der mit einem hochohmigen Meßgerät bestimmt wurde, war größer als der des quarternären Ammonium-Montmorillonit und der des Montmorillonites und nahm mit der Menge des adsorbierten Polymers zu. Diese Daten deuten darauf hin, daß das Polystyrol die Isoliereigenschaften der Tonfilme verbesserte. [U.W.]

Résumé

Résumé

Les composés d'intercalation de styrène et de montmorillonite ammonium quaternaire ont été préparés par immersion de l'argile dans le monomère styrène. L'intercalation de montmorillonite stéaryltrimethylammonium (CH3(CH2)17N(CH3)3+) et de styrène a montré une expansion de l'espacement de base à une valeur constante de 32 Å après immersion pendant 10jours. Après la polymérisation, la quantité de polystyrène dans la région intercouche a été déterminée par analyse gravimétrique thermale. L'adsorption de styrène a initialement augmenté proportionellement à l'accroissement du cation ammonium, et est ensuite devenu à peu près constante lorsque le chargement du cation ammonium quaternaire excédait 100 meq/100 g d'argile. La résistivité de volume du complexe stéaryltrimethylammonium-montmorillonite polystyrène, determinée par un compteur à haute résistance, était plus élevée que celle de la montmorillonite-ammonium quaternaire, ainsi que de la montmorillonite, et angmentait proportionellement à la quantité de polymère adsorbée. Ces données indiquent que la polystyrène a amelioré les proprietés isolantes des films d'argile. [D.J.]

Keywords

Electrical propertiesIntercalationMontmorillonitePolystyreneQuaternary ammonium complexes
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 29 , Issue 4 , August 1981 , pp. 294 - 298
Copyright
Copyright © 1981, The Clay Minerals Society

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