Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-fbnjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-15T05:19:01.977Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Phillipsite from Silicic Tuffs in Saline, Alkaline-Lake Deposits

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

Richard A. Sheppard  and
Joan J. Fitzpatrick
Richard A. Sheppard
Affiliation:
U.S. Geological Survey, Federal Center, MS-939, Denver, Colorado 80225
Joan J. Fitzpatrick
Affiliation:
U.S. Geological Survey, Federal Center, MS-939, Denver, Colorado 80225
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Phillipsite is a common constituent in diagenetically altered rhyolitic vitric tuffs of Cenozoic saline, alkaline-lake deposits where it occurs as spherulites or aggregates of prismatic crystals. This phillipsite has chemical and physical properties that differ from phillipsites that occur in rocks of other compositions and depositional environments, but previously it had not been completely characterized. Published analyses of five samples from four deposits in the southwestern United States show that the phillipsite is very siliceous and alkalic; the Si/(Al + Fe3+) ratio is 3.08–3.37, alkalis greatly exceed the divalent exchangeable cations, and the Na/K ratio is 1.05–3.05. The mean index of refraction (1.451–1.470) is much lower than that generally reported for the phillipsite group and can be correlated with the relatively high Si and alkali contents. Monoclinic unit-cell parameters show the following ranges: a = 9.931–9.991 Å, b = 14.142–14.155 Å, c = 8.650–8.706 Å, ß = 124.57–125.07°, and V = 1000.3–1007.4 Å3. The especially small b dimension is consistent with the high Si content.

Keywords

Alkaline lake depositChemical compositionPhillipsiteTuffUnit-cell parametersX-ray powder diffractionZeolite
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 37 , Issue 3 , June 1989 , pp. 243 - 247
Copyright
Copyright © 1989, The Clay Minerals Society

References

Appleman, D. E. and Evans, H. T. Jr. (1973) Job 9214: Indexing and least-squares refinement of powder diffraction data: U.S. Dept. Commerce, NT1S Doc. PB–216158, 26 pp.Google Scholar
Galli, E. and Loschi Ghittoni, A. G., 1972 The crystal chemistry of phillipsites Amer. Mineral 57 1125 – 1145.Google Scholar
Gottardi, G. and Galli, E., 1985 Natural Zeolites New York Springer-Verlag.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hay, R. L., 1964 Phillipsite of saline lakes and soils A mer. Mineral 49 1366 – 1387.Google Scholar
Hay, R. L. (1966) Zeolites and zeolitic reactions in sedimentary rocks: Geol. Soc. Amer. Spec. Pap. 85, 130 pp.Google Scholar
Hopper, R. H., 1947 Geologic section from the Sierra Nevada to Death Valley, California Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull 58 393 – 432.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mallory, C. L. and Snyder, R. L. (1979) The Alfred University powder diffraction automation system: New York State College of Ceramics Tech. Pap. 144, 36 pp.Google Scholar
Mumpton, F. A., Olson, D. and Bisio, A., 1984 Zeolite exploration: The early days Proc. 6th Int. Zeolite Conf., Reno, Nevada, 1983 Guildford, United Kingdom Butterworth 68 – 86.Google Scholar
Murray, J. and Renard, A. F., 1891 Report on deep-sea deposits Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger During the Years 1873–76 Edinburgh Neill and Co..Google Scholar
Passaglia, E. and Vezzalini, G., 1985 Crystal chemistry of diagenetic zeolites in volcanoclastic deposits of Italy Contrib. Mineral. Petrol 90 190 – 198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peck, L. C. (1964) Systematic analysis of silicates: U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull. 1170, 89 pp.Google Scholar
Regis, A. J. and Sand, L. B., 1966 K-Naphillipsite, Crooked Creek, Oregon Amer. Mineral 51 270.Google Scholar
Rinaldi, R., Pluth, J. J. and Smith, J. V., 1974 Zeolites of the phillipsite family. Refinement of the crystal structures of phillipsite and harmotome Acta Crystallogr B30 2426 – 2433.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sheppard, R. A. and Gude, A. J. 3rd (1968) Distribution and genesis of authigenic silicate minerals in tuffs of Pleistocene Lake Tecopa, Inyo County, California: U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 597, 38 pp.Google Scholar
Sheppard, R. A. and Gude, A. J. 3rd (1969) Diagenesis of tuffs in the Barstow Formation, San Bernardino County, California: U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 634, 35 pp.Google Scholar
Sheppard, R. A. and Gude, A. J. 3rd (1973) Zeolites and associated authigenic silicate minerals in tuffaceous rocks of the Big Sandy Formation, Mohave County, California: U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 830, 36 pp.Google Scholar
Sheppard, R. A., Gude, A. J. and Griffin, J. J., 1970 Chemical composition and physical properties of phillipsite from the Pacific and Indian Oceans Amer. Mineral 55 2053 – 2062.Google Scholar
Stonecipher, S. A., Sand, L. B. and Mumpton, F. A., 1978 Chemistry of deep-sea phillipsite, clinoptilolite, and host sediments Natural Zeolites: Occurrence, Properties, Use Elmsford, New York Pergamon Press 221 – 234.Google Scholar