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Molecular-Scale Imaging of Clay Mineral Surfaces with the Atomic Force Microscope

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

H. Hartman ,
Garrison Sposito ,
Andrew Yang ,
S. Manne ,
S. A. C. Gould  and
P. K. Hansma
H. Hartman
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
Garrison Sposito
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
Andrew Yang
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
S. Manne
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
S. A. C. Gould
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
P. K. Hansma
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
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Abstract

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Specimen samples of Crook County montmorillonite and Silver Hill illite, purified and prepared in the Na-form, were imaged under 80% relative humidity using an atomic force microscope. The direct images showed clearly the hexagonal array of hexagonal rings of oxygen ions expected for the basal planes of 2:1 phyllosilicates. Fourier transformation of the digital information obtained by the microscope scanning tip led to an estimate of 5.1 ± 0.3 Å for the nearest-neighbor separation, in agreement with the ideal nearest-neighbor spacing of 5.4 Å for hexagonal rings as derived from X-ray powder diffraction data. The atomic force microscope should prove to be a useful tool for the molecular-scale resolution of clay mineral surfaces that contain adsorbed macromolecules.

Keywords

Atomic force microscopyIlliteMontmorilloniteOxygen distancesSurface
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 38 , Issue 4 , August 1990 , pp. 337 - 342
Copyright
Copyright © 1990, The Clay Minerals Society

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