Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T01:15:06.607Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

K-Rich Mordenite from Late Miocene Rhyolitic Tuffs, Island of Samos, Greece

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

G. Pe-Piper  and
P. Tsolis-Katagas
G. Pe-Piper
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada
P. Tsolis-Katagas
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, University of Patras, Patras 261 110, Greece
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Mordenite occurs in hydrothermally altered rhyolitic volcanic rocks at the margin of a Late Miocene lake basin on the island of Samos, Greece. The mordenite was identified by its X-ray powder diffraction pattern and appearance in scanning electron micrographs. Electron microprobe analyses show high Si, Ca, and K, low Na, and high balance errors. The b cell dimension is consistent with a high Si/(Al + Si) ratio, and the balance errors are apparently due to Na deficiency. The missing Na was estimated from the amount required to give (Si + Al) = 48 and yielded analyses comparable with X-ray fluorescence analyses of samples predominantly of mordenite. Even after this correction, the mordenite had a low Na:K ratio compared with most analyses reported in the literature. The peculiar chemistry of the mordenite may have resulted from a high-temperature metasomatic origin as a result of basaltic volcanism at the basin margin and characterized by hydrothermal circulation of alkaline lake water rich in K.

Keywords

Hydrothermal alterationMordenitePotassiumRhyolitic tuffVolcanic ashX-ray powder diffractionZeolite
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 39 , Issue 3 , June 1991 , pp. 239 - 247
Copyright
Copyright © 1991, The Clay Minerals Society

References

Abbey, S. (1983) Studies in “Standard Samples” of silicate rocks and minerals, 1969-1982: Geol. Surv. Canada Pap. 83–15, 114 pp.Google Scholar
Appleman, D. E. and Evans, H. T. Jr. (1973) Job 9214: Indexing and least squares refinement of powder diffraction data: U.S. Dept. Commerce, NTIS Doc. PB–216188, 26 pp.Google Scholar
Barrer, R. M., 1948 Syntheses and reactions of mordenite J. Chem. Soc 2158 – 2163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrer, R. M., 1982 Hydrothermal Chemistry of Zeolites London Academic Press.Google Scholar
Barth-Wirsching, U. and Höller, H., 1989 Experimental studies on zeolite formation conditions Eur. J. Mineral 1 489 – 506.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fytikas, M., Innocenti, P., Mazzuoli, R., Peccerillo, A. and Villari, L., 1984 Tertiary to Quaternary evolution of volcanism in the Aegean region Geol. Soc. London Special Publ 17 687 – 699.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gottardi, G. and Galli, E., 1985 Natural Zeolites Berlin Springer-Verlag.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gude, A. J. 3rd and Sheppard, R. A. (1988) A zeolitic tuff in a lacustrine facies of the Gila conglomerate near Buckhorn, Grant County, New Mexico: U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull. 1763, 22 pp.Google Scholar
Hay, R. L., 1963 Stratigraphy and zeolitic diagenesis of the John Day Formation of Oregon Univ. California Publ. Geol. Sci 42 199 – 262.Google Scholar
Hawkins, D. B., Sheppard, R. A. and Gude, A. J. Jr., 1978 Hydrothermal systhesis of clinoptilolite and comments on the assemblage phillipsite-clinoptilolite-mordenite Natural Zeolites: Occurrence, Properties, Use Elmsford, New York Pergamon Press 337 – 343.Google Scholar
Hemley, J. J., 1962 Alteration studies in the systems Na2O-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O and K2O-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O Geol. Soc. Amer. Abstracts for 1961, Geol. Soc. Amer. Spec. Paper 68 196.Google Scholar
Kirov, G. N., Pechigargov, V. and Landzheva, E., 1979 Experimental crystallization of volcanic glasses in a thermal gradient field Chemical Geol 26 17 – 28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kusakabe, H., Minato, H., Utada, M. and Yamanaka, T., 1981 Phase relations of clinoptilolite, mordenite, analcime, and albite with increasing pH, sodium ion concentration, and temperature Univ. Tokyo Sci. Papers, College of General Education 31 39 – 59.Google Scholar
Maglione, G. and Tardy, Y., 1971 Néoformation pédogénétique d’une zeolite, Ca mordenite, associée aux carbonates de sodium dans une dépression interdunaire des bords du lac Tschad C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris ser. D 272 772 – 774.Google Scholar
Mariner, R. H. and Surdam, R. C., 1970 Alkalinity and formation of zeolites in saline alkaline lakes Science 170 977 – 980.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meissner, B., 1976 Das Neogen von Ost-Samos, Sedimentationsgeschichte und Korrelation Neues Jahrb. Geol. Palaont. Abh 152 161 – 176.Google Scholar
Nakajima, W., 1973 Mordenite solid solution in the system Na2Al2Si10O24-CaAl2Si10O24-H2O Bull. Fac. Educ. Kobe Univ 48 91 – 98.Google Scholar
Passaglia, E., 1975 The crystal chemistry of mordenites Contrib. Mineral. Petrol 50 65 – 77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Phillips, L. V., 1983 Mordenite occurrences in the Marysvale area, Piute County, Utah: A field and experimental study Brigham Young Univ. Geol. Studies 30 95 – 111.Google Scholar
Seki, Y., 1973 Ionic substitution and stability of mordenite J. Geol. Soc. Japan 79 669 – 676.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Senderov, E. E., 1963 Crystallization of mordenite under hydrothermal conditions Geochemistry 9 848 – 859.Google Scholar
Sheppard, R. A. and Gude, A. J. Jr., 1965 Zeolitic authigenesis of tuffs in the Ricardo Formation, Kern County, southern California Geol. Surv. Res. 1965, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap 525–D D44 – D47.Google Scholar
Sheppard, R. A., Gude, A. J. 3rd, and Fitzpatrick, J. J. (1988) Distribution, characterization, and genesis of mordenite in Miocene tuffs at Yucca Mountain, Nye County, Nevada: U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull. 1777, 22 pp.Google Scholar
Stamatakis, M., 1989 Authigenic silicates and silica polymorphs in the Miocene saline-alkaline deposits of the Karlovassi Basin, Samos, Greece Econ. Geol 84 788 – 798.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stamatakis, M., 1989 A boron-bearing potassium feldspar in volcanic ash and tuffaceous rocks from Miocene lake deposits, Samos Island, Greece Amer. Mineral 74 230 – 235.Google Scholar
Stamatakis, M. and Zagouroglou, K., 1984 On the occurrence of niter in the Samos Island Mineral Wealth 33 17 – 26.Google Scholar
Whittemore, O. J., 1972 Synthesis of siliceous mordenites Amer. Mineral 57 1146 – 1151.Google Scholar
Wirsching, U., 1976 Experiments on hydrothermal alteration processes of rhyolitic glass in closed and “open” system Neues Jahrb. Mineralogie, Monatshefte 5 203 – 213.Google Scholar