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Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of Cobalt Clays

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

Linda A. Bruce ,
John V. Sanders  and
Terence W. Turney
Linda A. Bruce
Affiliation:
CSIRO, Division of Materials Science, Normamby Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168 Australia
John V. Sanders
Affiliation:
CSIRO, Division of Materials Science, Normamby Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168 Australia
Terence W. Turney
Affiliation:
CSIRO, Division of Materials Science, Normamby Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168 Australia
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Abstract

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Reaction of mixtures of cobalt nitrate, colloidal silica, and a metal hydroxide (MOH) under hydrothermal conditions produced a range of cobalt hydroxysilicates, the components of which depended upon the identity of M, temperature, and reactant ratios. At 250°C, if M = Na, a smectite of composition Na0.06Co3.07Si3.95O10(OH)2 (I) was produced. If M = K, either a mica, KCo2.5Si4O10(OH)2 (II), intermediate between di- and trioctahedral, or a Si-deficient mica, KCo3Si3.75O10(OH)2 (III), was formed depending upon the reactant ratios. Similarly, if M = Cs, either a vermiculite or a 2:1 layer silicate intermediate between a mica and a brittle mica was produced. If M = Li, only the non-clay mineral Li2CoSiO4 was formed. Tetraalkylammonium hydroxides (NR4OH, R = methyl, ethyl, or propyl) yielded chrysotile. All phases were characterized by elemental analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction. Further characterization of smectite I was undertaken by diffuse reflectance, infrared, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The layer charge in these clays appears to stem from cation vacancies within an almost trioctahedral sheet and, possibly, within the tetrahedral sheets. Some of the cobalt present had tetrahedral coordination geometry, but its location was not determined.

Keywords

ChrysotileCobaltMicaSmectiteSynthesisTalcTetraalkylammonium ionVermiculite
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 34 , Issue 1 , February 1986 , pp. 25 - 36
Copyright
Copyright © 1986, The Clay Minerals Society

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