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Hydrothermal Reactivity of Mixed-Layer Kaolinite/Smectite: Experimental Transformation of High-Charge to Low-Charge Smectite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

D. Proust ,
J. Lechelle ,
A. Lajudie  and
A. Meunier
D. Proust
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Pétrologie des Alterérations Hydrothermales, Université de Poitiers, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France
J. Lechelle
Affiliation:
Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, DRDD/SESD, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
A. Lajudie
Affiliation:
Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, DRDD/SESD, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
A. Meunier
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Pétrologie des Alterérations Hydrothermales, Université de Poitiers, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France
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Abstract

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A mixed-layer kaolinite/smectite (K/S) containing trace amounts of quartz, discrete kaolinite, goethite-hematite, and calcite was hydrothermally reacted with deionized water at 150°, 200°, and 250°C for 1 to 12 months. The starting K/S contained 50% smectite consisting of 15% low-charge and 35% high-charge layers. The X-ray powder diffraction and chemical analyses of the reacted products indicated a progressive reaction from high-charge to low-charge smectite as a function of time and temperature. The reaction reached completion after 4 months at 250°C, at which point high-charge smectite layers entirely reacted to low-charge smectite layers, the latter maintaining a constant proportion of about 90% for longer run durations. For long reaction times, discrete kaolinite totally reacted, whereas quartz showed only partial dissolution and iron oxides remained stable. Thus, the reaction of high-charge to low-charge smectite layers may be expressed as: high-charge smectite + kaolinite (both interstratified and discrete component) + quartz → low-charge smectite.

Keywords

Cation-exchange capacityHydrothermal transformationKaolinite/smectiteLayer chargeSmectiteX-ray powder diffraction
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 38 , Issue 4 , August 1990 , pp. 415 - 425
Copyright
Copyright © 1990, The Clay Minerals Society

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