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Evidence for the Formation of Interlayer Polyacrylonitrile in Kaolinite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

Yoshiyuki Sugahara ,
Shigeo Satokawa ,
Kazuyuki Kuroda  and
Chuzo Kato
Yoshiyuki Sugahara
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160, Japan
Shigeo Satokawa
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160, Japan
Kazuyuki Kuroda
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160, Japan
Chuzo Kato
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160, Japan
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Abstract

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A kaolinite-polymer intercalation complex was apparently formed for the first time by the polymerization of acrylonitrile between the kaolinite layers. A kaolinite-ammonium acetate intercalation complex was dispersed in acrylonitrile monomer. The monomer was apparently incorporated between the layers by displacing intercalated ammonium acetate. After the removal of excess monomer, the intercalation complex was heated to cause polymerization. The resulting kaolinite-polyacrylonitrile (PAN) intercalate showed a basal spacing of ∼ 13–14 Å. On heating the complex at 220°C for 1 hr in air, the spacing decreased slightly. The hydrogen bond between the hydroxyls of kaolinite and probably the C≡N group of PAN was not affected after heating at 220°C. Even after heating at 400°C, the layers expanded. Because the starting kaolinite-ammonium acetate intercalation complex decomposed at a much lower temperature, these observations strongly suggest the presence of PAN between the layers.

Keywords

Ammonium acetateInfrared spectroscopyIntercalationKaolinitePolyacrylonitrilePolymerizationX-ray powder diffraction
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 36 , Issue 4 , August 1988 , pp. 343 - 348
Copyright
Copyright © 1988, The Clay Minerals Society

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