Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-lnqnp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-18T16:14:41.987Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Diagenetic Alteration of Perlite in the Guryongpo Area, Republic of Korea

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

Jin Hwan Noh  and
James R. Boles
Jin Hwan Noh
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Kangweon National University, Chuncheon 200, South Korea
James R. Boles
Affiliation:
Department of Geological Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Perlite, which occurs at the contacts between dacite and lacustrine tuffs of Miocene age in the Guryongpo area, Korea, has undergone more sluggish and incomplete diagenetic alteration than the surrounding zeolitic tuffs. Alkali-clinoptilolite, mordenite, smectite, K-rich gel-like glass, low-cristobalite, and K-feldspar are characteristic diagenetic phases in the altered perlite.

Hydration of the glass to form perlite resulted in the expulsion of cations, mainly Na, from the glass into the pore fluid and in the relative enrichment of K in the perlite. Hydration of the glass also resulted in increased alkalinity of the pore fluid, which, in turn, affected the nature and behavior of subsequent glass dissolution. Textural observations and chemical data on the early diagenetic phases indicate a sequence of incongruent dissolution reactions, which depended on silica activity and alkalinity of the ambient pore fluid: Reaction (1) 12.5 perlitic glass + 3.88 K+ + 0.65 H+ + 15.4 H20 = smectite + 9.5 gellike glass + 4.03 Na+ + 0.25 Ca2+ + 10.55 H4SiO4 released Ca and silica which were consumed by reaction (2) perlitic glass + 0.1 Ca2+ + 0.1 H4SiO4 + 0.1 H+ + H20 = clinoptilolite + 0.1 K+ + 0.2 Na+. The paragenesis from glass via smectite to alkali zeolites in most glass-bearing rocks may be explained by a sequence of such dissolution reactions. Still later reactions involved the transition from less-silicic clinoptilolite to an assemblage of silicic Na-clinoptilolite + mordenite and the crystallization of the gel-like glass to K-feldspar.

Keywords

ClinoptiloliteDiagenesisDissolutionGlassMordenitePerliteSmectiteZeolite
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 37 , Issue 1 , February 1989 , pp. 47 - 58
Copyright
Copyright © 1989, The Clay Minerals Society

References

Boles, J. R. and Coombs, D. S., 1975 Mineral reactions in zeolitic Triassic tuff Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull. 86 163 – 173.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bong, P. Y., 1981 Palynology of the Janggi area Report Geol. Miner. Resources Korea 10 103 – 136.Google Scholar
Coombs, D. S., 1954 The nature and alteration of some Triassic sediments from Southland, New Zealand Trans. Roy. Soc. New Zealand 82 65 – 109.Google Scholar
Dibble, W. E. and Tiller, W. A., 1981 Kinetic model of zeolite paragenesis in tuffaceous sediments Clays & Clay Minerals 29 323 – 330.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fisher, R.V. and Schmincke, H.-U., 1984 Pyroclastic Rocks Berlin Springer-Verlag.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gottardi, G. and Galli, E., 1985 Natural Zeolites Berlin Springer-Verlag.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hay, R. L., 1963 Stratigraphy and zeolitic diagenesis of the John Day Formation of Oregon Univ. California Publ. Geol. Sci. 42 199 – 262.Google Scholar
Hay, R. L., 1977 Geology of zeolites in sedimentary rocks Miner. Soc. Amer. Short Course Notes 4 53 – 63.Google Scholar
Huzioka, K., 1972 The Tertiary floras of Korea J. Mining College Akida Univ. 5 1 – 83.Google Scholar
Iijima, A. and Hay, R. L., 1968 Analcime composition in tuffs of the Green River Formation of Wyoming Amer. Mineral. 53 184 – 200.Google Scholar
Iijima, A. and Utada, M., 1972 A critical review on the occurrence of zeolites in sedimentary rocks in Japan Japan J. Geol. Geogr. 42 61 – 83.Google Scholar
Jezek, P. A. and Noble, D. C., 1978 Natural hydration and ion exchange of obsidian Amer. Mineral. 63 266 – 273.Google Scholar
Kim, B. G., Cheong, C. H. and Kim, S. J., 1975 Strati-graphical studies on the lignite beds in Yeongil area J. Geol. Soc. Korea 11 240 – 252.Google Scholar
Lee, M. W., Won, C. K. and Noh, J. H., 1986 Geology of Guryongpo area J. Korea Earth Sci. Educ. Soc. 5 15 – 21.Google Scholar
Lipman, P. W. (1965) Chemical comparison of glassy and crystalline volcanic rocks: U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull. 1201–D, 24 pp.Google Scholar
Mariner, R. H. and Surdam, R. C., 1970 Alkalinity and formation of zeolites in saline alkaline lakes Science 170 977 – 980.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Noh, J. H., 1985 Mineralogy and genesis of zeolites and smectites from Tertiary tuffaceous rocks in Yeongil area Seoul, Korea Ph.D. thesis, Seoul National Univ..Google Scholar
Noh, J. H., Kim, S. J., Murakami, Y., Iijima, A. and Ward, J. W., 1986 Zeolites from Tertiary tuffaceous rocks in Yeongil, Korea 7th Int. Zeolite Conf, Tokyo, 1986 Berlin Kodansha, Tokyo, Elsevier 59 – 66.Google Scholar
Sheppard, R. A. and Gude, A. J. 1968 3rd, Distribution and genesis of authigenic silicate minerals in tuffs of Pleistocene Lake Tecopa, Inyo County, California U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. .CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sheppard, R. A. and Gude, A. J. 3rd (1969) Diagenesis of tuffs in the Barstow Formation, Mud Hills, San Bernardino County, California: U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 634, 35 pp.Google Scholar
Sheppard, R. A. and Gude, A. J. 3rd (1973) Zeolites and associated authigenic silicate minerals in tuffaceous rocks of the Big Sandy Formation, Mohave County, Arizona: U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 830, 36 pp.Google Scholar
Surdam, R. C., 1977 Zeolites in closed hydrologie systems Miner. Soc. Amer. Short Course Notes 4 65 – 92.Google Scholar
Surdam, R. C. and Parker, R. D., 1972 Authigenic aluminosilicate minerals in tuffaceous rocks of the Green River Formation, Wyoming Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull. 83 689 – 700.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Surdam, R. C., Sheppard, R. A., Sand, L. B. and Mumpton, F. A., 1978 Zeolites in saline, alkaline-lake deposits Natural Zeolites: Occurrence, Properties, Use Elmsford, New York Pergamon Press 145 – 174.Google Scholar