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A Comparison of Point of Zero Charge Measurement Methodology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Elena Cristiano ,
Yung-Jin Hu ,
Matthew Sigfried ,
Daniel Kaplan  and
Heino Nitsche
Elena Cristiano
Affiliation:
Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
Yung-Jin Hu
Affiliation:
Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA University of California Berkeley, Department of Chemistry, 420 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
Matthew Sigfried
Affiliation:
Savannah River National Laboratory, Savannah River Site, Aiken, South Carolina 29808, USA
Daniel Kaplan
Affiliation:
Savannah River National Laboratory, Savannah River Site, Aiken, South Carolina 29808, USA
Heino Nitsche*
Affiliation:
Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA University of California Berkeley, Department of Chemistry, 420 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
*
* E-mail address of corresponding author: [email protected]
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Abstract

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Contaminant-transport modeling requires information about the charge of subsurface particle surfaces. Because values are commonly reused many times in a single simulation, small errors can be magnified greatly. Goethite (α-FeOOH) and pyrolusite (β-MnO2) are ubiquitous mineral phases that are especially contaminant reactive. The objective of the present study was to measure and compare the point of zero charge (PZC) using different methods. The pyrolusite PZC was measured with three methods: mass titration (MT) (PZC = 5.9±0.1), powder addition (PA) (PZC = 5.98±0.08), and isoelectric point, IEP (PZC = 4.4±0.1). The IEP measurement was in agreement with literature values. However, MT and PA resulted in a statistically larger PZC than the IEP measurement. The surface area of pyrolusite, 2.2 m2g−1, was too small to permit PZC determination by the potentiometric titration (PT) method. Goethite PZC values were measured using MT (7.5±0.1), PT (7.46±0.09), and PA (7.20±0.08). The present work presents the first reported instance where MT and PA have been applied to measure the point of zero charge of either pyrolusite or goethite. The results illustrate the importance of using multiple, complementary techniques to measure PZC values accurately.

Keywords

GoethitePyrolusitePoint of Zero ChargePotentiometric TitrationMass TitrationPowder AdditionIsoelectric PointZeta Potential ChargeX-ray DiffractionBET
Type
Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 59 , Issue 2 , April 2011 , pp. 107 - 115
Copyright
Copyright © The Clay Minerals Society 2011

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