Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T02:05:38.209Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Adsorption of Hydroxy-Al Polycations and Destabilization of Illite and Montmorillonite Suspensions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

Baohua Gu  and
H. E. Doner
Baohua Gu
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
H. E. Doner
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Water-infiltration characteristics of soil can be improved by preventing clay dispersion. The present study determined the adsorption properties of hydroxy-Al polycations (Al-p) and their relation to the destabilization of clay suspensions. Al-p was synthesized and fractionated into nominal molecular weights between 104 and 5 × 104. The reactions of Al-p with Na-illite and Na-montmorillonite indicated a very strong affinity of Al-p to the clay surfaces. The maximum adsorptions of Al-p by Na-illite and Na-montmorillonite were found to be 0.37 and 1.7 mmole Al/g, and very close to the cation-exchange capacity of the two clays, suggesting that the adsorption was chiefly controlled by the mechanism of charge screening. Adsorption of Al-p increased the points of zero charge (PZCs) and the apparent points of zero salt effect (PZSEs) of illite and montmorillonite. PZSEs for both clays were 4.7 at their maximum Al-p adsorption, and PZCs ranged from 5.3 to 6.4, depending on solution ionic strength and the individual clay minerals. The differences in PZCs were probably due to outer-sphere complex formation between Al-p-treated illite and montmorillonite and the swamping electrolyte. Critical flocculation concentrations (CFCs) of Al-p for Na-illite and Na-montmorillonite were at 0.28 and 1.0 mmole Al/g, whereas zero electrophoretic mobilities were at about 0.36 and 1.67 mmole Al/g Al-p additions. Excessive addition of Al-p reversed this surface charge of clay colloids and restabilized the illite but not montmorillonite suspensions. This difference was probably due to the stronger and more extensive interparticle bridging of montmorillonite particles by Al-p than those of illite. The CFCs for the two clays were also found to be dependent on sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), pH, and ionic strength. Increases in SAR and pH significantly increased the CFC, whereas an increase in ionic strength decreased the CFC.

Keywords

AdsorptionFlocculationHydroxy-AlIlliteMontmorillonitePoint of zero charge
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 38 , Issue 5 , October 1990 , pp. 493 - 500
Copyright
Copyright © 1990, The Clay Minerals Society

References

Alperovitch, N., Shainberg, I., Keren, R. and Singer, M. J., 1985 Effect of clay mineralogy and aluminum and iron oxides on the hydraulic conductivity of clay-sand mixtures Clays & Clay Minerals 33 443 – 450.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arora, H. S. and Coleman, N. T., 1979 The influence of electrolyte concentration on the flocculation of clay suspensions Soil Sci. 127 134 – 139.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bache, B. W. and Sharp, G. S., 1976 Soluble polymeric hydroxy-aluminum ions in acid soils J. Soil Sci. 27 67 – 174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barnhisel, R. I., Bertsch, P. M. and Page, A. L., 1982 Aluminum Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2 Madison, Wisconsin Amer. Soc. Agron. 275 – 300.Google Scholar
Bar On, P., Shainberg, I. and Michaeli, I., 1970 Theelec-trophoretic mobility of Na/Ca montmorillonite particles J. Colloid Interface Sci. 33 471 – 472.Google Scholar
Brown, G., Newman, A. C. D. Rayner, J. H., Weir, A. H., Greenland, D. J. and Hayes, M. H. B., 1978 The structures and chemistry of soil clay mineral The Chemistry of Soil Constituents New York Wiley 29 – 178.Google Scholar
Charlet, L. and Sposito, G., 1987 Monovalent ion adsorption by an oxisol Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 51 1155 – 1160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
El Rayah, H. M. E. and Rowell, D. L., 1973 The influence of iron and aluminum hydroxides on the swelling of Na-montmorillonite and the permeability of a Na-soil J. Soil Sci. 24 137 – 144.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frink, C. R. and Peech, M., 1963 Hydrolysis and exchange reactions of the aluminum ion in hectorite and montmorillonite suspensions Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 27 527 – 530.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goldberg, S. and Glaubig, R. A., 1987 Effect of saturating cation, pH, and aluminum and iron oxide on the flocculation of kaolinite and montmorillonite Clays & Clay Minerals 35 220 – 227.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greene, R. S. B. Posner, A. M., Quirk, J. P., Emerson, W. W., Bond, R. D. and Dexter, A. R., 1978 A study of the coagulation of montmorillonite and illite suspensions by CaCl2 using the electron microscope Modification of Soil Structure London Wiley 35 – 40.Google Scholar
Grim, R. E., 1968 Clay Mineralogy 2nd New York McGraw-Hill 165 – 184.Google Scholar
Harsh, J. B., Doner, H. E. and Fuerstenau, D. W., 1988 Electrophoretic mobility of hydroxy-aluminum and so-dium-hectorite in aqueous solutions Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 52 1589 – 1592.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hendershot, W. H. and Lavkulich, L. M., 1983 Effect of sesquioxide coatings on surface charge of standard mineral and soil samples Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 47 1252 – 1260.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hower, J. and Mowatt, T. C., 1966 The mineralogy of illites and mixed-layer illite/montmorillonites Amer. Mineral. 51 825 – 854.Google Scholar
Hsu, P. H., Dixon, J. B. and Weed, S. B., 1989 Aluminum hydroxides and oxyhydrox-ides Minerals in Soil Environments Wisconsin Soil Sci. Soc. Amer., Madison 348.Google Scholar
Keren, R., 1979 The effect of hydroxy-aluminum precipitation on the exchange properties of montmorillonite Clays & Clay Minerals 27 303 – 304.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keren, R., 1980 Effects of titration rate, pH, and drying process on cation exchange capacity reduction and aggregate size distribution of montmorillonite hydroxy-aluminum complexes Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 44 1209 – 1212.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McAtee, J. L. and Wells, L. M., 1967 Mutual adsorption of clay minerals and colloidal hydrous aluminum oxide— An electron microscopy investigation J. Coll. Interf Sci. 24 203 – 210.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McLean, E. O. and Black, C. A., 1965 Aluminum Methods of Soil Analysis Madison, Wisconsin Amer. Soc. Agron. 978 – 998.Google Scholar
Oades, J. M., 1984 Interactions of polycations of aluminum and iron with clays Clays & Clay Minerals 32 49 – 57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oster, J. D., Shainberg, I. and Wood, J. D., 1980 Flocculation value and get structure of sodium/calcium montmorillonite and illite suspensions Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 44 955 – 959.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parker, J. C., Zelazny, L. W., Sampath, S. and Harris, W. G., 1979 A critical evaluation of the extension of zero point of charge (ZPC) theory to soil systems Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 43 668 – 674.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quirk, J. P., Emerson, W. W., Bond, R. D. and Dexter, A. R., 1978 Some physical-chemical aspects of soil structural stability—A review Modification of Soil Structure London Wiley 3 – 16.Google Scholar
Rengasamy, P., 1983 Clay dispersion in relation to changes in the electrolyte composition of dialyzed red-brown earths J. Soil Sci. 34 723 – 732.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rengasamy, P. and Oades, J. M., 1978 Interaction of monomelic and polymeric species of metal ions with clay surfaces. III. Aluminium (III) and chromium (III) Aust. J. Soil Res. 16 53 – 66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shen, M. J. and Rich, C. I., 1962 Aluminum fixation in montmorillonite Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 44 1209 – 1212.Google Scholar
Sposito, G., 1989 Surface reactions in natural aqueous colloidal systems Chimia 43 169 – 176.Google Scholar
Sposito, G. and LeVesque, C. S., 1985 Sodium-calcium-magnesium exchange on silver hill illite Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 49 1153 – 1159.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Turner, R. C. and Brydon, J. E., 1967 Effect of length of time of reaction and some properties of suspensions of Arizona bentonite, illite and kaolinite in which aluminum hydroxide is precipitated Soil Sci. 103 111 – 117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Olphen, H. and Fripiat, J. J., 1979 Data Handbook for Clay Materials and other Non-Metallic Minerals Oxford Pergamon Press 19.Google Scholar
Wada, K., Tsumori, Y., Nitawaki, Y. and Egashira, K., 1983 Effects of hydroxy-aluminum on flocculation and permeability of silt and clay fractions separated from paddy soils Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 29 313 – 322.CrossRefGoogle Scholar