Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-s2hrs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-09T15:57:02.010Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of Acid and Alkali Treatments on Surface-Charge Properties of Selected Minerals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Grzegorz Jozefaciuk
Grzegorz Jozefaciuk*
Affiliation:
Institute of Agrophysics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
*
*E-mail address of corresponding author: [email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Bentonite, biotite, illite, kaolin, vermiculite and zeolite were treated with 0.1, 1.0 and 5.0 mol. dm−3 HCl or NaOH. Suspensions of Na homoionic forms of the initial and the treated minerals were back titrated with 0.1 mol. dm−3 NaOH. From back-titration data variable surface charge, QV, vs. pH dependencies and apparent surface dissociation constant distribution functions were estimated. Variable charge vs. pH curves were scaled against cation exchange capacity at pH 7.2 to obtain actual charge, QA, vs. pH plots. In general both treatments led to an increase of QV, while the QA value increased and decreased depending on the mineral and the treatment. Products of 5 mol dm−3 NaOH action on zeolite and of 1 and 5 mol. dm−3 NaOH on kaolin apparently developed a positive surface charge below pH ∼3.7 and below ∼4.3, respectively.

The heterogeneity of charge-generating surface groups was observed in natural minerals. During acid treatment, the number of weakly-acidic surface functional groups increased while the number of groups of stronger acidic character decreased. The opposite was found for alkaline treatment: the number of surface groups of intermediate acidity increased and that of low acidity decreased.

Keywords

AcidificationAlkalizationSurface ChargeSurface Dissociation
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 50 , Issue 5 , October 2002 , pp. 647 - 656
Copyright
Copyright © 2002, The Clay Minerals Society

References

Baccouche, A. Srasra, E. and El Maaoui, M., (1998) Preparation of Na-P1 and sodalite octahydrate zeolites from interstratified illite-smectite Applied Clay Science 13 255–273 10.1016/S0169-1317(98)00028-3.Google Scholar
Breen, C., Madejova, J. and Komadel, P. (1995) Correlation of catalytic activity with infra-red, Si mass NMR and acidity data for acid-treated fine fractions of montmorillonites. Clay and Clay Material Sciences, Proceedings Euroclay’95, Leuwen (Elsen, A., Grobet, P., Keung, M., Lehman, H., Schoonheydt, R. and Toufar, H., editors), pp. 202–203.Google Scholar
Brown, D. and Rhodes, C.N. (1995) Acid-treated and ion exchanged montmorillonite catalysts: dependence of activity on composition. Clay and Clay Material Sciences, Proceedings Euroclay’95, Leuwen (Elsen, A., Grobet, P., Keung, M., Lehman, H., Schoonheydt, R. and Toufar, H., editors), pp. 189–190.Google Scholar
Chi, M. and Eggleton, R.A., (1999) Cation exchange capacity of kaolinite Clays and Clay Minerals 47 174–180 10.1346/CCMN.1999.0470207.Google Scholar
De Wit, J.C.M. Van Riemsdijk, W.H. Nederlof, M.M. Kinniburgh, D.G. and Koopal, L.K., (1990) Analysis of ion binding on humic substances and the determination of intrinsic affinity distributions Analytica Chimica Acta 232 189–207 10.1016/S0003-2670(00)81235-0.Google Scholar
Dekany, I. Turi, L. Fonseca, A. and Nagy, J.B., (1999) The structure of acid treated sepiolites: small-angle X-ray scattering and multi MAS-NMR investigations Applied Clay Science 14 141–160 10.1016/S0169-1317(98)00056-8.Google Scholar
del Rey-Perez-Caballero, F.J. and Poncelet, G., (2000) Microporous 18 angstrom Al-pillared vermiculites: preparation and characterization Microporous Mesoporous Materials 37 313–327 10.1016/S1387-1811(99)00274-7.Google Scholar
Duquette, M. and Hendershot, W., (1993) Soil surface charge evaluation by back-titration: I. Theory and method development Soil Science Society of America Journal 57 1222–1228 10.2136/sssaj1993.03615995005700050011x.Google Scholar
Duquette, M. and Hendershot, W., (1993) Soil surface charge evaluation by back-titration: II. Application Soil Science Society of America Journal 57 1228–1234 10.2136/sssaj1993.03615995005700050012x.Google Scholar
Frank, U. and Gebhardt, H. (1991) Transformation and destruction of clay minerals caused by recent strong acidification of selected forest soils of Northern Germany. Proceedings 7th Euroclay Conference, Dresden (Storr, M., Henning, K.H. and Adolphi, P., editors), pp. 369–374.Google Scholar
Goates, J.R. and Anderson, K., (1956) Acidic properties of quartz Soil Science 81 277–282 10.1097/00010694-195604000-00004.Google Scholar
Huang, C.P., Anderson, M.A. and Rubin, A., (1981) The surface acidity of hydrous solids Adsorption of Inorganics at Solid-Liquid Interfaces Michigan Ann Arbor Science 183 218.Google Scholar
Janek, M. and Lagaly, G., (2001) Proton saturation and rheological properties of smectite dispersions Applied Clay Science 19 121–130 10.1016/S0169-1317(01)00051-5.Google Scholar
Jozefaciuk, G. and Bowanko, G. (2002) Effect of acid and alkali treatments on surface areas and adsorption energies of selected clay minerals. Clays and Clay Minerals (in press).Google Scholar
Jozefaciuk, G. and Shin, J.S., (1996) A modified back-titration method to measure soil titration curves minimizing soil acidity and dilution effects Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer 29 321 327.Google Scholar
Jozefaciuk, G. and Shin, J.S., (1996) Distribution of apparent surface dissociation constants of some Korean soils as determined from back titration curves Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer 29 328 335.Google Scholar
Keren, R., (1986) Reduction of the cation-exchange capacity of montmorillonite by take-up of hydroxy Al polymers Clays and Clay Minerals 22 41 47.Google Scholar
Koopal, L.K. Van Riemsdijk, W.K. and Roffey, M.G., (1987) Surface ionization and complexation models: a comparison of methods for determining model parameters Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 118 117–136 10.1016/0021-9797(87)90441-3.Google Scholar
McBride, M.B., (1997) A critique of diffuse double layer models applied to colloid and surface chemistry Clays and Clay Minerals 45 598–608 10.1346/CCMN.1997.0450412.Google Scholar
Mrad, I. Ghorbel, A. Tichit, D. and Lambert, J.F., (1997) Optimisation of the preparation of an Al-pillared clay: thermal stability and surface acidity Applied Clay Science 12 349–364 10.1016/S0169-1317(97)00018-5.Google Scholar
Nederlof, M.M., Venema, P., Van Riemsdijk, W.H. and Koopal, L.K. (1991) Modeling variable charge behaviour of clay minerals. Proceedings 7th Euroclay Conference, Dresden (Storr, M., Henning, K.H. and Adolphi, P., editors), pp. 795–800.Google Scholar
Nederlof, M.M. De Wit, J.C. Riemsdijk, W.H. and Koopal, L.K., (1993) Determination of proton affinity distributions for humic substances Environmental Science and Technology 27 846–856 10.1021/es00042a006.Google Scholar
Parks, G.A., (1965) The isoelectric points of solid oxides, solid hydroxides and aqueous hydroxo complex systems Chemical Review 65 177–198 10.1021/cr60234a002.Google Scholar
Petit, S. Righi, D. Madejova, J. and Decarreau, A., (1999) Interpretation of the infrared NH 4 + spectrum of the NH 4 − + -clays: application to the evaluation of the layer charge Clay Minerals 34 543–549 10.1180/000985599546433.Google Scholar
Rampazzo, N. and Blum, W.E.H. (1991) Decrease of layer charge in 2:1 clay minerals through soil acidification. Proceedings 7th Euroclay Conference, Dresden (Storr, M., Henning, K.H. and Adolphi, P., editors), pp. 863–864.Google Scholar
Rassineux, F. Griffault, L. Meunier, A. Berger, G. Petit, S. Vieillard, P. Zellagui, R. and Munoz, M., (2001) Expandability-layer stacking relationship during experimental alteration of a Wyoming bentonite in pH 13.5 solutions at 35 and 60°C Clay Minerals 36 197–210 10.1180/000985501750177933.Google Scholar
Righi, D. Velde, B. and Meunier, A., (1995) Clay stability in clay-dominated soil systems Clay Minerals 30 45–54 10.1180/claymin.1995.030.1.05.Google Scholar
Ruiz, R. Blanco, C. Pesquera, C. González, F. Benito, I. and López, J.L., (1997) Zeolitization of a bentonite and its application to the removal of ammonium ion from waste water Applied Clay Science 12 73–83 10.1016/S0169-1317(96)00038-5.Google Scholar
Shin-Jyung, K. Kazuhiko, E. and Akira, Y., (1998) Transformation of a low-grade Korean natural zeolite to high cation exchanger by hydrothermal reaction with or without fusion with sodium hydroxide Applied Clay Science 13 117–135 10.1016/S0169-1317(98)00019-2.Google Scholar
Sinitsyn, V.A. Aja, S.U. Kulik, D.A. and Wood, S.A., (2000) Acid-base surface chemistry and sorption of some lanthanides on K+-saturated marblehead illite: I. Results of an experimental investigation Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 64 185–194 10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00175-1.Google Scholar
Srasra, E. and Trabelsi-Ayedi, M., (2000) Textural properties of acid activated glauconite Applied Clay Science 17 71–84 10.1016/S0169-1317(00)00008-9.Google Scholar
Šucha, V. Środoń, J. Clauer, N. Elsass, F. Eberl, D.D. Kraus, I. and Madejová, J., (2001) Weathering of smectite and illite-smectite under temperate climatic conditions Clay Minerals 36 403–419 10.1180/000985501750539490.Google Scholar
Sun Kou, M.R. Mendioroz, S. and Munoz, V., (2000) Evaluation of the acidity of pillared montmorillonites by pyridine adsorption Clays and Clay Minerals 48 528–536 10.1346/CCMN.2000.0480505.Google Scholar
Suraj, G. Iyer, C.S.P. and Lalithambika, M., (1998) Adsorption of cadmium and copper by modified kaolinites Applied Clay Science 13 293–306 10.1016/S0169-1317(98)00043-X.Google Scholar
Thomas, G.W. and Hargrove, W.L. (1984) The chemistry of soil acidity. In: Soil Acidity and Liming, 2nd edition, Agronomy Series 3 (Adams, F., editor). American Society of Agronomy.Google Scholar
Van Olphen, H., (1963) An Introduction to Clay Colloid Chemistry New York Wiley Interscience Publishers.Google Scholar
Ward, D.B. and Brady, P.V., (1998) Effect of Al and organic acids on the surface chemistry of kaolinite Clays and Clay Minerals 46 453–465 10.1346/CCMN.1998.0460410.Google Scholar
Warren, C.J. Dudas, M.J. and Abboud, S.A., (1992) Effects of acidification on the chemical composition and layer charge of smectite from calcareous till Geoderma 40 731 739.Google Scholar
Yeoh, N.S. and Oades, J.M., (1981) Properties of soils and clays after acid treatment. I Clay minerals Australian Journal of Soil Research 19 147–158 10.1071/SR9810147.Google Scholar