Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T20:01:17.786Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Clay Mineralogy of the Bottom Sediments, Rappahannock River, Virginia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Bruce W. Nelson
Bruce W. Nelson*
Affiliation:
Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Bottom sediment clay mineral assemblages from the Rappahannock River and estuary contain kaolinite, illite, unorganized illite, dioctahedral vermiculite, 12.4Å montmorillonite, 14.2 Å montmorillonite, chlorite, feldspar and quartz. The x-ray diffraction characteristics of these species and their thermal modifications at 25–500°C are described and illustrated. Progressive changes in the mineralogical composition of bottom sediments occur between the fresh-water and saline-water portions of the Rappahannock system. Chlorite and feldspar occur exclusively in the saline portions of the estuary. Illite shows progressive increase in crystallization quality. There appears to be less kaolinite, proportionately, in the estuarine sediments of the most saline zone. x-Ray diffraction diagrams showing these progressive changes are illustrated.

Type
Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals (National Conference on Clays and Clay Minerals) , Volume 7 , February 1958 , pp. 135 - 147
Copyright
Copyright © Clay Minerals Society 1958

References

Bradley, W. F. (1954) X-ray diffraction criteria for the characterization of chloritic material in sediments: in Clays and Clay Minerals, Natl. Acad. Sci.—Natl. Res. Council, pub. 327, pp. 324–334.Google Scholar
Brunton, G. D. (1955) Vapor pressure glycolation of oriented clay minerals: Amer. Min., v. 40, pp. 124–126.Google Scholar
Griffin, G. M. and Ingram, R. L. (1955) Clay minerals of the Neuse River estuary: J. Sed. Petrol., v. 25, pp. 194–200.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grim, R. E. and Johns, W. D. (1954) Clay mineral investigation of sediments in the northern Gulf of Mexico: in Clays and Clay Minerals, Natl. Acad. Sci.—Natl. Res. Council, pub. 327, pp. 81–103.Google Scholar
Murray, H. H. and Sayyab, A. S. (1955) Clay mineral studies of some Recent marine sediments off the North Carolina coast: in Clays and Clay Minerals, Natl. Acad. Sci. —Natl. Res. Council, pub. 395, pp. 430–441.Google Scholar
Nelson, B. W. (1958) Relative effectiveness of clay-mineral diagenesis in the Rappahannock River, Virginia: Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer., v. 69, p. 1623 (Abstract).Google Scholar
Powers, M. C. (1954) Clay diagenesis in the Chesapeake Bay area: in Clays and Clay Minerals, Natl. Acad. Sci.—-Natl. Res. Council, pub. 327, pp. 68–80.Google Scholar
Rich, C. I. (1958) Muscovite weathering in a soil developed in the Virginia Piedmont: in Clays and Clay Minerals, Natl. Acad. Sci.—Natl Res. Council, pub. 566, pp. 203–212.Google Scholar
Rich, C. I. and Obenshain, S. S. (1955) Chemical and clay mineral properties of a Red- Yellow Podzolic soil derived from muscovite schist: Soil Sci. Soc. Amer., Proc., v. 19, pp. 334–339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roy, Rustum and Osborn, E. F. (1954) The system Al2O3-SiO2-H2O: Amer. Min., v. 39, pp. 853–885.Google Scholar