Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-d8cs5 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-27T06:04:04.259Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Clay Mineralogy of Pennsylvanian Sediments in Southern Illinois

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Herbert D. Glass
Herbert D. Glass*
Affiliation:
Illinois State Geological Survey, Urbana, Illinois, USA
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Controversy over the origin of clay minerals in ancient sediments arises because it is difficult to segregate the factors that cause differences in clay mineral composition. A plan of sampling based on four contrasts was used to evaluate some of these factors. Contrasts studied were: (1) permeability contrasts (sandstone vs. shales); (2) environmental contrasts (cyclic sedimentation); (3) weathering contrasts (outcrop vs. core); (4) source area contrasts (orthoquartzite facies vs. subgraywacke facies).

The resultant data indicate that clay minerals are both allogenic and authigenic. Allogenic clay minerals are the rule when inheritance from the source area dominates either postdepositional or environmental effect; authigenic clay minerals are found where the environment dominates. Rapid sedimentation favors a dominance of allogenic clay minerals, and major depositional environmental effects are required to produce appreciable change. Some of the factors that influence clay mineral composition include source area contribution, the depositional environment, postdepositional effects after burial, permeability, and postdepositional weathering effects.

Type
Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals (National Conference on Clays and Clay Minerals) , Volume 5 , February 1956 , pp. 227 - 241
Copyright
Copyright © Clay Minerals Society 1956

Footnotes

Published by authority of the Chief, Illinois State Geological Survey.

References

Glass, H. D., Potter, P. E., and Siever, Raymond, 1956, Clay mineralogy of some basal Pennsylvanian sandstones, clays, and shales: Amer. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists, Bull., v. 40, p. 750–754.Google Scholar
Millot, Georges, 1949, Relations entre la constitution et la genèse des roches sédimentaires argileuses: Géol. Appliq. et Prosp. Min., v. 2, Nancy, France, 352 p.Google Scholar
Moore, R. C., and Thompson, M. L., 1949, Main divisions of Pennsylvanian Period and System: Amer. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists Bull., v. 33, p. 275–302.Google Scholar
Rivière, André, 1951, General consideration on the geology of argillaceous sediments: Groupe Français des Argiles—Compte Rendu des Réunions d'Etudes, no, 2, v. 4 (series).Google Scholar
Siever, Raymond, and Potter, P. E., 1956, Sources of basal Pennsylvanian sediments in the Eastern Interior Basin. 2. Sedimentary petrology: J. Geol., v. 64, p. 317–335.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weller, J. M., 1930, Cyclical sedimentation of the Pennsylvanian Period and its significance: J. Geol., v. 38, p. 97–135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar