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Mineralogical and physico-chemical characteristics of Cameroonian smectitic clays after treatment with weakly sulfuric acid

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

J.R. Mache ,
P. Signing ,
J.A. Mbey ,
A. Razafitianamaharavo ,
D. Njopwouo  and
N. Fagel
J.R. Mache*
Affiliation:
Mission de Promotion des Matériaux Locaux, B.P. 2396 Yaoundé, Cameroon Laboratoire de Chimie Inorganique Appliquée, Departement de Chimie Inorganique, Université de Yaoundé 1, B.P. 812 Yaoundé, Cameroun UR AGEs Argiles, Géochimie et Environnements sédimentaires, Département de Géologie, Université de Liège, B18, Allée du 6 Août, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
P. Signing
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Chimie Inorganique Appliquée, Departement de Chimie Inorganique, Université de Yaoundé 1, B.P. 812 Yaoundé, Cameroun
J.A. Mbey
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Chimie Inorganique Appliquée, Departement de Chimie Inorganique, Université de Yaoundé 1, B.P. 812 Yaoundé, Cameroun Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux, UMR 7360 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, 15 Avenue du Charmois, B.P. 40. F-54501, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
A. Razafitianamaharavo
Affiliation:
Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux, UMR 7360 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, 15 Avenue du Charmois, B.P. 40. F-54501, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
D. Njopwouo
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Chimie Inorganique Appliquée, Departement de Chimie Inorganique, Université de Yaoundé 1, B.P. 812 Yaoundé, Cameroun
N. Fagel
Affiliation:
UR AGEs Argiles, Géochimie et Environnements sédimentaires, Département de Géologie, Université de Liège, B18, Allée du 6 Août, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
*
*E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Smectitic clays from the Sabga and Bana areas, western Cameroon were treated with sulfuric-acid solutions of various concentrations – 0.5, 0.7, 1.0 and 4.0 N – at 80°C for 2 h. The mineralogical, physicochemical and morphological characteristics of the samples treated were analysed using several techniques. The sulfuric acid caused structural modification of the dioctahedral smectite. The accessory minerals such as cristobalite, quartz, feldspars and anatase remained unaltered by the acid attack. The supernatant solutions after acid treatment contain Mg, Ca, K, Na, Si, Al and Fe as a result of partial dissolution of octahedral and tetrahedral cations. The activated clay samples exhibited a smaller cation exchange capacity (CEC) and the specific surface area (SSA) increased with increasing concentration of sulfuric acid, ranging from 65 to 134 m2/g for the sample from Bana and from 74 to 84 m2/g for the sample from Sabga. The different SSAvalues were affected by the relative abundance of smectite and cristobalite (SiO2/Al2O3 = 2.2 and 6.5, respectively, from Bana and Sabga). The activated clays from Bana and Sabga displayed interesting physicochemical and textural properties and can be considered as promising adsorbents for the bleaching of vegetable oils.

Keywords

smectiteacid activationX-ray diffractionthermal analysesspecific surface area
Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 50 , Issue 5 , December 2015 , pp. 649 - 661
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2015

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