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Low-temperature diagenetic illite-smectite in Lower Cambrian clays in North Estonia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

K. Kirsimäe ,
P. Jøgensen  and
V. Kalm
K. Kirsimäe
Affiliation:
Institute of Geology, University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, Tartu S1014, Estonia
P. Jøgensen
Affiliation:
Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Agricultural University of Norway, P.O. Box 5028, N-1432, Aas, Norway
V. Kalm
Affiliation:
Institute of Geology, University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, Tartu S1014, Estonia
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Abstract

Early Cambrian sediments on the East European platform in North Estonia, represented mostly by clays and silty clays, were deposited under normal marine conditions. The sediments were never affected by significant tectonic or thermal events after sedimentation 530 Ma ago, and the clays still have high water contents. The clay fraction, divided into four sub-fractions, was studied using X-ray methods and Rb/Sr dating. Decomposition of the XRD curves was used to quantify the amounts of illitic minerals in the sub-fractions. Dating by Rb/Sr showed that the finest fraction (<0.06 µm) was formed 50–150 Ma after sedimentation. The coarser fractions also contain considerable amounts of diagenetically formed minerals. This shows that neoformation of illitic minerals in marine sediments with high water/sediment ratios is a very important process even at temperatures <35°C.

Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 34 , Issue 1 , March 1999 , pp. 151 - 163
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1999

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