Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T22:38:04.775Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Clay mineralogy and plasticity of the Fuller's Earth Formation Bath, UK

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

A. B. Hawkins ,
M. S. Lawrence  and
K. D. Privett
A. B. Hawkins
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1RJ
M. S. Lawrence
Affiliation:
Johnson Poole & Bloomer, Templeton Business Centre, Templeton Street, Glasgow G40 1DW
K. D. Privett
Affiliation:
Sir Robert McAlpine & Sons Ltd., Rigby Lane, Hayes, Middx UB3 1EU
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Clay from the Fuller's Earth formation is shown to contain mainly illite, kaolinite and calcite, in contrast to the Fuller's Earth Bed in which montmorillonite is the main clay mineral. A negative correlation has been demonstrated between the calcite content and the plasticity as measured by the Atterberg limits. Fresh samples from the Fuller's Earth Bed have a higher plasticity than those of the fuller's earth clay with similar calcite percentages, due to the relative increases in the expanding lattice clay mineral. Weathering of the fuller's earth clay typically reduces the calcite content and increases the percentage of montmorillonite, resulting in a higher plasticity.

Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 21 , Issue 3 , September 1986 , pp. 293 - 310
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1986

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arkell, W.J. & Donovan, D.T. (1952) The Fuller's Earth of the Cotswolds and its relation to the Great Oolite. Q. J. geol. Soc. London 107, 227–253.Google Scholar
Brindley, G.W. & Brown, G. (1980). Crystal Structures of Clay Minerals and their X-ray Identification. Mineralogical Society London.Google Scholar
Chandler, R.J. (1969) The effect of weathering on the shear strength properties of Keuper Marl. Geotechnique 19, 321–334.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chandler, R.J. (1972) Lias clay: weathering processes and their effect on shear strength. Geotechnique 22, 403–431.Google Scholar
Chandler, R.J., Kellaway, G.A., Skempton, A.W. & Wyatt, R.J. (1976) Valley slope sections in Jurassic strata near Bath, Somerset. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London A 283, 527–556.Google Scholar
Cook, D.A. (1973) Investigation of a landslip in the Fuller's Earth Clay, Lansdown, Bath. Q. J. eng. Geol. London 6, 233–240.Google Scholar
Highley, D.E. (1972) Fuller's Earth. Mineral Dossier No. 3., Mineral Resources Consultative Committee. HMSO, London.Google Scholar
Jackson, M.L., Hseung, Y., Corey, R.B., Evans, E.J. & Vanden Heuvel, R.C. (1952) Weathering sequence of clay-size minerals in soils and sediments IT. Chemical weathering of layer silicates. Proc. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. 16, 3–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jeans, C.V., Merriman, R.J. & Mitchell, J.G. (1977) Origin of Middle Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous Fuller's Earths in England. Clay Miner. 12, 11–44.Google Scholar
Kellaway, G.A. & Taylor, J.H. (1968) The influence of landslipping on the development of the City of Bath, England. 23rd Int. Geol. Congr, Prague 12, 65–76.Google Scholar
Kellaway, G.A. & Welch, F.B.A. (1957) British Regional Geology. Bristol and Gloucester District. Inst. of Geol. Sci. HMSO, London.Google Scholar
Lawrence, M.S. (1985) The engineering geology of selected slopes on the Jurassic strata of the south Cotswolds. PhD thesis, University of Bristol.Google Scholar
Lonsdale, W. (1832) On the Oolitic District of Bath. Trans. Geol. Soc. London III, 241–276.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McAttee, J.L. (1956) Determination of random interstratification in montmorillonite. Am. Miner. 41, 627–631.Google Scholar
MacEwan, D.M.C. (1949) Some notes on the recording and interpretation of X-ray diagrams of soil clays. J. Soil Sci. 1, 90–103.Google Scholar
Penn, I.E., Merriman, R.J. & Wyatt, R.J. (1979) The Bathonian strata of the Bath-Frome area. Rep. Inst. geol. Sci. London 78/22, 88 pp.Google Scholar
Phillips, J. (1844) Memoirs of William Smith, LL.D. John Murray, London.Google Scholar
Privett, K.D. (1980) The engineering geology of slopes in the south Cotswolds. PhD thesis, University of Bristol.Google Scholar
Srodon, J. (1980) Precise identification of illite-smectite interstratifications by X-ray powder diffraction. Clays Clay Miner. 28, 401–411.Google Scholar
Srodon, J. (1981) X-ray identification of randomly interstratified illite-smectite in mixtures with discrete illite. Clay Miner. 16, 297–304.Google Scholar
Woodward, H.B. (1876) Geology of East Somerset and the Bristol Coalfields. Memoir of the Geological Survey. HMSO, London.Google Scholar