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Palaeoenvironmental significance of clay minerals in Upper Cenomanian–Turonian sediments of the Western High Atlas Basin (Morocco)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

L. Daoudi ,
F. Rocha ,
B. Ouajhain ,
J. L. Dinis ,
D. Chafiki  and
P. Callapez
L. Daoudi*
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Géosciences et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Marrakech, Morocco
F. Rocha
Affiliation:
Geosciences Department, Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal
B. Ouajhain
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Marine Geoscience, Faculty of Sciences - EL Jadida, Morocco
J. L. Dinis
Affiliation:
IMAR-Institute of Marine Research, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal
D. Chafiki
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Géosciences et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Marrakech, Morocco
P. Callapez
Affiliation:
IMAR-Institute of Marine Research, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal
*
*E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Upper Cenomanian–Turonian clay mineral assemblages of sediments cropping out in the Western High Atlas basin are studied in four sections. Smectite and mixed-layer illite-smectite (I-S) have been identified as major constituents of the deposits. The composition of clay associations in black shales and associated sediments varies considerably according to age, but usually depends either on the general lithology, the abundance of organic matter, or the depth of burial. A distinct correlation is evident between clay mineral distribution and sea-level. Smectite and mixed-layer I-S with greater percentages of smectite layers increase in sediments deposited during transgressive periods, whereas they decrease progressively in the shallower facies deposited during regression in favour of illite and mixed-layer I-S with a greater percentage of illite. The vertical evolution and lateral distribution of clay assemblages and their relationships with sea-level as well as the palaeogeographic conditions prevailing during the Late Cenomanian–Turonian period (flattened topography and arid climate), indicate a detrital origin of the smectite minerals and a distribution pattern controlled by differential settling processes.

Keywords

Western High AtlasUpper Cenomanian–Turoniansmectitemixed-layer I-Ssea-level
Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 43 , Issue 4 , December 2008 , pp. 615 - 630
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2008

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