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The Peace of Callias

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 February 2009

M. Cary
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Extract

The peace concluded between Athens and Persia at the close of the Persian Wars (c. 449 B.C.), and usually known as the Peace of Callias, has been the subject of a new investigation by Wade-Gery, which is clearly destined to serve as the basis of further discussion of its problems. In the present article I shall confine myself to one point of special interest arising out of a novel clause which Wade-Gery reads into the treaty and formulates, exempli gratia, as follows: ‘In the area west of Sardis inhabited by Greeks, the King shall send no functionaries nor exercise any authority: his sole right shall be a yearly tribute of a fixed amount based on the survey of Artaphernes in 493.’

Type
Research Article
Information
The Classical Quarterly , Volume 39 , Issue 3-4 , July 1945 , pp. 87 - 91
Copyright
Copyright © The Classical Association 1945

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References

page 87 note 1 Athenian Studies presented to W. S. Ferguson (Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, Supplementary Volume I), pp. 121–56. Wade-Gery's article has recently been reviewed and criticized in an important paper by Gomme, A. W. (Am. Journ. Phil, lxv (1944), 337 ff.)Google Scholar. Reference to this paper has been made, where necessary, in the present article. But the points raised by Gomme have for the most part no direct bearing on the particular problem which I have discussed.

page 87 note 2 6. 42. 2.

page 87 note 3 The date at which Herodotus wrote this passage is uncertain, but the present argument is not affected by it.

page 87 note 4 Herodotus, 3. 95.

page 87 note 5 Tod, M. N., Greek Historical Inscriptions, pp. 162–3Google Scholar.

page 87 note 6 How and Wells, Commentary on Herodotus, ad loc.

page 87 note 7 In the years before and after the peace of Callias there was wholesale evasion of the tribute due to the Delian Confederacy, so that in 448 the Athenian Ecclesia had to draw up more stringent regulations for its collection. M. F. McGregor, The Athenian Tribute Lists, vol. i; Hill, B. H. and Meritt, B. D., Hesperia, vol. xiii. 1–15Google Scholar.

page 88 note 1 Plutarch, Pericles, ch. 9.

page 88 note 2 Ch. I, §§ 16–18.

page 88 note 3 Athenian Studies, pp 221–45.

page 88 note 4 Andocides, , De Pace, § 29Google Scholar.

page 88 note 5 Pausanias, 1. 8. 8. The statement of Demosthenes (Fals. Leg. § 273) that Callias was heavily fined for negotiating τ⋯ν ὑπῸ π⋯ντων Өρυλουμ⋯νην εῚρ⋯νην, if not apocryphal, may be referred more appropriately to the peace which he subsequently arranged with Sparta (Busolt, , Griechische Geschichte, iii. 356–7 n.)Google Scholar.

page 89 note 1 pp. 143–4.

page 89 note 2 Wade-Gery has argued on independent grounds that Darius' démarche was made in 415 or 414. i.e. at the time of the Sicilian Expedition.

page 90 note 1 Class. Quart. xx (1926), pp. 97–8Google Scholar; Amer. Journ. Philol. lxv (1944), pp. 337–8Google Scholar. Gomme proposes to make Herodotus' meaning more clear by reading ⋯τ⋯χθησαν δ⋯ 〈 κα⋯ ὑπ＇ ＇ Αθηναίων〉 σχεδ⋯ν κατ⋯, κ.τ.λ. But even without this emendation his interpretation remains quite legitimate.

page 90 note 2 This explanation was given to me by Adcock, who has assisted me with several valuable suggestions and criticisms.

page 90 note 3 For this reason I concur with Wade-Gery against the criticisms of Gomme (Amer. Journ. Philol. xlv. 333–4).

page 90 note 4 Forschungen zur alien Geschichte, ii. 80. Meyer also includes among the ἔνιοι the two Magnesias, and any other Greek cities of Asia Minor which had stood outside the Delian Confederacy. But would the Athenians have interested themselves on behalf of cities which had never entered her League?